북한 사회주의 이행의 근대성과 일상의 변동: 1960년대 지역 민속자료를 중심으로

Abstract

This article pertains the study of North Korea’s social history during the 1960s and aims to shed light on the way of life that pursued a socialistic revolution through the dramatic changes the people experienced in their everyday lives. After the liberation from colonialism and during North Korea’s formation process of a socialist system and state-building, the way of life or the everyday life makes a dramatic transition. This paper will also attempt to interpret the modernity by analyzing the detailed lives of the North Koreans and will try to see the revolution in everyday life from an internal viewpoint of a socialist system. In addition, this is the study of the process of socialist changing and signifies for modernity experienced by the North Koreans. After the agricultural cooperation and the strengthening of female influence and right to speak in a family, patriarchal rights had transformed into a mutual, marital relationship. In the mid-1960s, the old custom of being tied down by the husband had died away. A crack in patriarchal power occurred and the importance of whether one could work or not was apparent. This process of females participating as a category in composing a political community can be seen as a universal phenomenon of a modern state. The most basic foundation during the transformation to modernity was the creation of rationality of old customs. From 1945 until mid-1960s, the characteristics of modernity present in the North Korean people’s everyday life can be summed up into four different factors. First is the double-sidedness of the aspect of liberation from the pre-modernity and the subordinating aspect of the socialist system. Second is the continuous overlapping of everyday life as much as the differentiation of pre-modernity and modernity. Third is the imitative nature of following the modernity of the Soviet Union and self reliance of national identity.