북한 주민의 모빌리티와 이동·통치·젠더

Abstract

After the North Korean authorities’ suspension of the transportation system, various socio-technical mobility changes emerged. From the point of view of mobility, ‘marketization’ is the process of converting the movement of people and goods from a centralized arborescent model to a horizontal rhizome model, which has the following meanings. First, on the surface, movement practices such as smuggling, appropriation, illegal collusion, and informal transactions are seemingly against the rules; yet, ultimately they are one of the main driving forces that maintain the regime’s restrictions on the right to movement. However, authorities only partially regulate the periphery and do not have a significant impact on the center. Second, the influence of affect and non-humans that constitute reality, practice, and the real world of mobility have gradually increased beyond the system of the North Korean authorities, the rational expectations and practices of the residents, and the existing technical practices. Third, the change in the gender order can be explained as the result of the amplification of the gap in perception, attitude, and affect as women’s mobility expands compared to men. However, even though women have somewhat recovered their class status through mobility strategies, the gender affect of internalized mobility still remains.