高麗後期 物價 變化의 要因과 그 대책 - 13·14세기의 物價를 중심으로 -

Abstract

Price changes have close relationship with supply and demand. If supply is not sufficient, the prices will increase. If supply is more than enough, the prices will go down. This principle has always been true throughout the history, though more significant in the pre-modern society when the economy was moving around agricultural products. Supply of agricultural products could be affected by weather conditions. However, no less important were such factors as wars, political instability and distorted distribution channels through which merchants made huge profits. In the Goryeo Dynasty, climatic or seasonal factors such as drought, flood, and drought are important to affect the fluctuation of prices, but this is temporary, and in the long run, what gradually affects the land is the dominant relationship of the land, which is the side of the distribution structure, supply equipment, consumption, transportation, and currency issues (the shortage of production volume and the occurrence of farmers). Moreover, the inflow of the won, which was settled and distributed in large quantities in foreign trade relations, is closely related to the fluctuation of prices. Therefore, the government wanted to prevent prices from going up and down, suggesting tax reduction and relief measures, exclusion of excessive exploitation of the won, and installation and control of price control systems as major measures to cope with natural disasters, along with the improvement of agricultural productivity.