순조 후반 헌종 연간 정국과 정치세력의 동향 - 효명세자 대리청정 시기와 이후 『推案及鞫案』에 실린 사건을 중심으로 -

Abstract

In the first year of King Sunjo’s reign, the house of Queen Jeongsun, inside the Noron party’s in-law community, and the Shim Hwan-ji line affiliated with the Byeokpa faction within the Noron party, allied with each other to launch the so-called Byeokpa regime. Then leaders of that regime initiated the ‘Shin’yu-year Purge[辛酉獄事],’ which was meant to drive members of the Hyegyeong-gung house within the Noron in-law community, the Shipa faction of the Noron party, group of people inside the Soron party sworn to honor the late Crown prince Sado, and the ‘Shinseo’ pocket of the Southerners, all away from the government. Then, after the ‘Recommendation incident’ in the 2nd year of King Sunjo’s reign and the Kim Dal-sun scandal in the 5th, in the 6th year the so-called “Byeong’in-year Turnover” (“Byeong’in Gyeong’hwa, 丙寅更化”) occurred. This incident was enabled by an alliance between many parties: the Hyegyeong-gung house and the Gasun-gung house among the Noron party’s in-law groups, house of Sunjo’s queen and the Shipa faction within the Noron party, the Cheong’ron group, some people of the Byeokpa faction, and also some of the Soron and Southerner parties’ associates. King Sunjo tried to regulate these factions, and respect the power of these influential officials and houses. From the 27th year and through the 30th of his reign, Crown prince Hyo’myeong, members of the Pung’yang Jo house (house of the Crown princess), some people of the Cheong’ron and Byeokpa factions, and those of the Soron and Southerners, all entered the government. When Yi Yin-bu(李寅溥) submitted the ‘Wu’hyeon Jwa’cheok(右賢左戚, The Wise at the right and In-laws at the left)’ appeal to the king, Cheong’ron party members were enraged. Yi Roh-geun(李魯近) blamed both of the in-law factions within the Noron party. Shin Eui-hak(愼宜學) criticised Kim Ih-jae(金履載) as representing a party which was against late King Jeongjo’s righteous Tangpyeong cause, and called for the reinstatement of Yi Seo-gu (李書九) and Shim Hwan-ji(沈煥之)’s honor, who were both part of the Byeokpa party. Crown prince Hyo’myeong warned both of the aforementioned in-law factions as they would have probably been behind such series of critical appeals submitted to the king, and also sent messages to members of the Cheong’ron, Byeokpa, Soron and Southerners groups as well. His stance seems to have been that of ‘dealing with fire with fire(‘以熱 治熱’).’ When Crown prince Hyo’myeong died, Shin Yun-rok(申允祿) submitted an appeal criticising Jo Byeong-hyeon and Yi Ji-yeon, while Yun Sang-do(尹尙 度) submitted an appeal criticising the Soron party. Named as the culprit behind these appeals, Kim Roh-gyeong(金魯敬) of the Gyeongju Kim house was exiled, but after Kim Jo-sun died, King Sunjo released him from his exile. In the 6th year of King Heonjong’s reign, when Queen Sun’weon was still overseeing the country, Kim Hong-geun requested review of the Yun Sang-do case, and people like Heo Seong, Kim Yang-sun and Kim Jeong-hi were implicated as conspirators behind that incident. The Andong Kim house exiled Yi Ji-yeon and Yi Gi-yeon brothers, in a campaign waged against all who were not siding with the Andong Kim house.