正祖～憲宗代 ‘廣儲嗣’ 사안을 통해 본 정국과 정치세력의 추이 - 朴在源 사건과 李承憲 親鞫 사건을 중심으로 -

Abstract

At the end of King Yeongjo’s reign, Hong Guk-yeong(洪國榮) and others played an instrumental role in enthroning King Jeongjo. And in the 2nd year of the new king’s reign, Dowager Queen Jeongsun issued a dynasty-wide message that a royal concubine should be selected shortly, in the spirit of exploring options to increase heir candidates(“Gwangjeosa, 廣儲嗣”). Then Park Jae-weon(朴在源) forwarded an appeal to the king, suggesting that diagnosing and treating Queen Hyo’eui’s illness should be the royal family’s top priority. Meanwhile, Hong committed a crime of engaging in succession issues to the throne, suggesting having his sister as Hong-bin(洪嬪). In the 4th year of King Jeongjo, Kim Chi-muk(金峙默) who is the one of the Hyo-ui's family members attacked the 'Musul(戊戌) Appellate' for the crime of mentioning the sickness of the Queen. As a result, Park was dismissed from the government, exiled to local regions and died not before long. But, After Seo Jeong-su(徐鼎修)'s mentions, Park’s loyalty earned him a consensus that his untimely death was not what he deserved. In his 12th year, King Jeongjo filled the seats of Three Secretariats, with individuals from each of the powerful factions operating inside the government. And in the next year, when Chae Je-gong(蔡濟恭) requested a posthumous title for Park, Jeongjo finally granted Park with a posthumous seat as the Bu-Jehak figure of the Hongmun-gwan office, as a gesture of encouraging peace and harmony among the three parties: the Westerners’ Noron and Soron factions as well as the Southerner party. Later, in the 1st year of king Sunjo when Oh Han-weon asked for additional posthumous titles for Park, Shim Hwan-ji agreed that Park be posthumously promoted to the Champan figure of the Ijo Ministry. Yet later, in the 4th year of Sunjo’s reign, Park was once again promoted to the Ijo Ministry’s Panseo figure, and in the 5th year received a title called Chung’heon(忠獻). Although he died, Park’s loyal remonstrance was duly remembered. The Shim faction in the early years of king Sunjo, inspired the Soron and Noron factions that not only remembered but experienced firsthand the incidents involving Park. And in 1806, they promoted the dismissal of Gyeongju Kim house members and some figures of the Noron faction’s Byeokpa segment [from the government] as a new ‘consensus,’ and brought about the so-called “Byeong’in-year Rectification.” In the 13th year of King Heonjong’s reign, Great Dowager Queen Sun’weon issued a message searching for royal concubine candidates, as the Dowager Queen Hyojeong had failed to produce an heir. Yi Seung-heon(李承憲) criticised fellow officials for not bothering to treat the Queen’s illness, and made impolite remarks regarding the Great Dowager Queen’s statement. The Yi appeal was essentially a political attack upon the Pung’yang Jo house, which Heonjong identified as a comparison of the ‘diligent suggestion(‘陳勉’)’ made by Park Jae-weon, and by which the vassals were reminded of the former kings’ effort of ‘keeping wise and meritorious at their sides(右賢左戚),’ in addition former vassals’ hope of that, as a ‘noble consensus(“淸論”).’