주자와 양명철학에서 마음(心)과 인식의 차이

Abstract

What is called ‘Xinxue’ in Confucian philosophy, in contrast with Zhuxi’s Lixue, often stands for the slogan, “mind is coherence (xin ji li, 心卽理)”, which is endorsed by Lu-Wang’s philosophy. Strictly speaking, however, various philosophical traditions, including Lu-Wang, Zhuzi’s Lixue, Confucius, Mencius, Korean Confucianism, Buddhism, Taosim, and so forth, could be regarded as a kind of Xinxue. In particular, the concept of ‘xin’ is indispensable in Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taosim in the sense that such philosophical traditions are essentially founded on that concept. Be that as it may, I think that we have not yet arrived at the full-fledged understanding of the meaning of ‘xin’ in the philosophy of Zhuxi and of Yangming. In this paper, I will attempt to show how differently Zhuxi and Yangming handle the concept of ‘xin’ by considering the problem of knowledge obtained by means of Gewuchizhi, the moral relationship between knowledge and the will, and the difference between enlightenment and happiness due to such enlightenment.