총설: 몇 가지 총기류 발사 후 무기질 화약잔사의 확인 및 분석
Review: Identification and Analysis of Inorganic Gunshot Residues on after Discharging of Some Firearms
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초록
총기를 발사할 때 생성되는 총기 발사잔사(GSR: Gunshot residues) 중에서 무기질 GSR은 범죄용의자가 최근에 총기를 발사했는가의 여부를 식별하는데 중요한 증거를 제공한다. 총기관련 사고가 빈번하여 GSR관련 연구가 많이 이루어진 외국과는 달리 개인의 총기소지를 엄격하게 규제하는 한국에서는 군에서 총기 자살여부 확인의 증거로만 국한되어 활발한 연구가 미흡한 실정이다. 최근에는 Pb, Ba 및 Sb 등 3원소를 포함하지 않는 무연, 무독성 뇌관화약(Primer compounds)의 개발로 다른 원천에서도 동일한 성분과 형태의 무기질 GSR이 생성될 가능성이 높아졌다. 따라서 기존의 증거로 제시되던 3원소 혼합물의 성분과 형태분석에 대하여 새로운 재해석이 요구되고 있다. 이러한 관점에서 본 총설에서는 무기질 GSR의 생성과 분석기법의 발전과정, 3원소 분석결과에 대한 해석의 의미는 물론, 또 다른 원천에서 파생될 수 있는 유사 무기질 GSR 등에 대한 국내외의 최근 연구경향 등을 고찰하였다.
Abstract
Inorganic gunshot residues (GSR) particle originated from discharge of firearms provides important evidence which identifies whether a suspect fired a firearm or not. Extensive researches of GSR have been studied in the foreign countries due to frequent occurrence of crime with firearms, however, a lack of study have performed in Korea due to the Gun Control Act prohibiting individual possession of firearms. Furthermore, in Korea, because GSR is only used as evidence of suicide in the military studies of GSR have been limited. As new primer compounds without elements of Pb, Ba, and Sb have recently been developed, GSR particles consist of similar composition and morphology can be originated from different sources. Therefore, the new reinterpretation about analysis of composition and morphology of 3 elements (Pb, Ba, Sb) in the GSR is required. In this review, the formation of GSR, the process of development of analytical technique, the interpretation of 3 composition element analytical results, similar inorganic GSR originating from other sources and trends of the latest research are presented and briefly discussed.
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