다양한 환경조건에 노출된 혈흔의 탐색과 유전자의 감식에 관한 평가
Evaluation on the Detection and Identification of Exposed Bloodstain and DNA to Various Environmental Conditions
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초록
다양한 환경(수돗물, 강물, 바닷물 및 토양)에 혈흔이 유류되었을 경우, 노출기간(24시간-4주간) 에 따른 혈흔 탐색시약(BSF와 LMG)의 효율성과 유전자 검출결과는 다음과 같았다. 본 실험조건에서BSF는 LMG보다 1.6배 높은 혈흔 민감도를 나타내었으며 고농도의 처리 시 유전자 검출을 저해하였다. 또한, 금속이온들이 존재하는 수용액 조건에서는 무기 금속이온의 함량이 클수록 금속이온들이 존재하지 않는 증류수 조건보다 수화된 금속이온(hydrated metal ion)에 의하여 유전자 훼손비율이 바닷물>수도물>강물의 순서로 상대적으로 높았다. 수돗물과 강물에 24시간 유류할 경우에는 유전자 확인이 가능하였으며 BSF의 처리결과가 LMG에 비하여 우수하였다. 1주일 이상의 수중환경에 노출된 혈흔에서는유전자가 전혀 확인되지 않았다. 그러나 토양에 유류시킨 증거물은 시약처리 모두에서 24시간-4주 동안 유류된 시료에서 100 %의 유전자 검출률을, 그리고 LMG는 4주간 유류시킨 시료에서 73 %의 검출률이 각각 확인되었다. 현장에서 혈흔 탐색은 물론, 유전자 검출에 이르는 감식의 효율을 고려한다면금속이온에 의한 유전자 훼손을 저해할 수 있는 새로운 전처리 시약의 필요성을 확인 할 수 있었다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to determine the efficiency of the development reagent (BSF and LMG) and the results of the DNA recovery rate according to the time of bloodstain exposed to various environments as tap water, river water, sea water and soil (24 hour-4 weeks). Under experimental condition, BSF identified a sensitivity of 1.6 times greater than LMG. and in case of the reagents were high concentration, it was confirmed that they were interfering with the result of the DNA recovery. In case of an aqueous solution in exist metal ion and the higher the content of the metallic ions were relatively high in the ratio of DNA damage by hydrated metal ions (sea water>tap water>river water). Blood stain exposure to tap water and river water has been exposed for 24 hours, confirming the DNA recovery. Based on the results of this experiment, BSF was confirmed to have a higher development capability than a LMG. In addition, it was impossible to detect DNA recovery in the blood stain exposed to underwater environments for more than a week. In case of exposed bloodstains for 24 hours to 4 weeks in the soil environment, Both of reagents used in this experiments were valid for 100% of the DNA recovery rate. In case of LMG, the specimen was exposed for four weeks it was found to verify the efficacy of a DNA recovery rate of 73%. Through this study, for the purpose of increasing the effectiveness of blood stain detection and DNA recovery procedures in the crime scene, we were able to ascertain the need for a new preprocessing reagent that deceases damages of DNA recovery rate by metal ions.
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