2014년 유엔총회 북한인권 결의를 통해 본 유엔인권메커니즘 동학에 관한 연구: 그 함의와 전망을 중심으로
Dynamics of the UN Human Rights Mechanism and Implications of the UNGA Resolution on the Situation of Human Rights in the DPRK
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2014년 유엔총회의 북한인권 결의문은 과거에 비해 개념적 접근에서 실천적 접근으로, 외교적 차원에서 법적 차원으로 대응방식을 구체화시키는 변화를 보였다. 특히 구속력의 부재라는 총회 기능의 한계성을 극복하기 위해 북한인권논의를 안보리로 옮겨 국제사회가 보다 실천적인 행동을 취할 수 있는 기회를열어놓고자 했다. 그러나 현 정치･외교적 환경은 추진동력을 상실할 수 있는 구조적 제약성을 안고 있으며, 유엔의 인권메커니즘을 현실주의적 관점에서 대북압박의 수단으로 활용하는 데에는 한계가 있다. 한편, 북한이 국제사회가 규범을중요시하고 있음을 인지하고 규범준수 국가들과의 관계를 관리하고자 하는 적응(acculturation) 과정에 있다고 볼 때, 장기적 관점에서 북한인권 문제의 해결을위한 인권메커니즘의 기능을 분석할 필요가 있다.
Abstract
The UN resolution on the human rights situation in North Korea recently adoptedby the General Assembly shows meaningful changes in the way that the internationalcommunity deals with the North Korea’s human rights situation, particularly from conceptual,diplomatic to legal, practical approaches. However, given the political anddiplomatic climate surrounding this issue, the utility of the UN human rights mechanismas a coercive means may not be as much effective as many observers expect. Since North Korea encounters cognitive and social pressures to conform to the internationaldemands, we need to explore the possibility of North Korea's behavioralchange in terms of acculturation leading to conformity in the long-run.
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