40년대 필름느와르 연구
A study on 40s' Film Noir
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As a indigenous American film form, Film Noir has been produced between 1941-1955. Film Noir could be termed a group movement like its contemporary, Italian Neorealism, or its antecedent, German Expressionism. There were four conditions in Hollywood in the Forties which brought out film noir: 1) War and post-war disillusionment. 2) The realistic movement which suited America's post-war mood. 3) The influence of expressionism in the late forties by German film-makers' influx. 4) The tradition of hard-boiled writers whose roots in pulp fiction or journalism. There were some technical and/or directorial factors which established the distinctive visual style of film noir. They were low-key lighting style and deep depth of field of camera as well as bizarre and off-angle composition of figures placed irregularly in the frame which created the world that is never stable and safe. What unites the seemingly disparate kinds of film noir is their dark visual style and their black vision of despair, loneliness and dread. This black vision is nothing less than an existential attitude toward life because Existentialism is an outlook which begins with a disoriented individual facing a confused world. However, film noir's dark vision is rather indigenous-Hollywood might not borrow the Existential vision directly from Europe particularly in the 1940s from the hard-boiled school of fiction in 1930s. The period of the film noir was an extremely important one in American film history and had a profound effect on the later evolution of American cinema.
Abstract
As a indigenous American film form, Film Noir has been produced between 1941-1955. Film Noir could be termed a group movement like its contemporary, Italian Neorealism, or its antecedent, German Expressionism. There were four conditions in Hollywood in the Forties which brought out film noir: 1) War and post-war disillusionment. 2) The realistic movement which suited America's post-war mood. 3) The influence of expressionism in the late forties by German film-makers' influx. 4) The tradition of hard-boiled writers whose roots in pulp fiction or journalism. There were some technical and/or directorial factors which established the distinctive visual style of film noir. They were low-key lighting style and deep depth of field of camera as well as bizarre and off-angle composition of figures placed irregularly in the frame which created the world that is never stable and safe. What unites the seemingly disparate kinds of film noir is their dark visual style and their black vision of despair, loneliness and dread. This black vision is nothing less than an existential attitude toward life because Existentialism is an outlook which begins with a disoriented individual facing a confused world. However, film noir's dark vision is rather indigenous-Hollywood might not borrow the Existential vision directly from Europe particularly in the 1940s from the hard-boiled school of fiction in 1930s. The period of the film noir was an extremely important one in American film history and had a profound effect on the later evolution of American cinema.
참고문헌 (16)
- Alain Silver, "An Encyclopedic Reference to the American Style』", 『film(ir) (1992), The Overlook Press
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