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농경지 생태계 유형별 토양의 탄소 저장량과 토양호흡량 비교 및 토양환경요인과의 관계

Comparison of Soil Carbon Storage and Soil Respiration Among Agricultural Ecosystems Types and Their Relationship with Soil Environmental Factors

강성룡|장인영|이응필|정헌모
한국습지학회 (Korean Wetlands Society)|2024.08|한국습지학회지 (Journal of Wetlands Researh)|제26권 제3호|pp. 298-310|DOI 10.17663/JWR.2024.26.3.298

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환경요인Environmental Factors선행연구Previous Studies육상생태계탄소저장고양분관리Terrestrial EcosystemCarbon ReservoirNutrient Management
주제분류기타자연과학

초록

본 연구에서는 육상생태계 가운데 하나인 농경지 생태계의 주요 탄소저장고인 토양의 환경요인이 토양의 탄소 저장량과 토양호흡량에 어떠한 영향을 주는지 알아보기 위해 농경지 생태계 유형별 선행연구의 결과를 분석하였다. 그 결과 선행연구는 논과 시설재배지에서 가장 많은 연구가 진행되었다. 그리고 논과 과수원의 토양의 탄소 저장량과 토양의 화학적 특성 요인인 토양 pH, 전기전도도, 토양 유기물 함량, 전질소 함량은 밭, 시설재배지, 기타재배지보다 높았고, 토양호흡량은 논이 다른 농경지 생태계 유형보다 높았다. 또한, 토양의 탄소 저장량은 토양 유기물 함량(R2=0.7237, p=0.0000), 전질소 함량(R2=0.8419, p=0.0000), 유효인산(R2=0.3123, p=0.0024)과 토양호흡량은 토양 유기물 함량(R2=0.5644, p=0.0000)과 유의한 관계가 있었다. 본 연구에서 농경지 생태계는 각각의 생태계 유형(과수원, 논, 시설재배지)의 토양에서 49.1±8.9 ton C ha-1, 31.8±6.9 ton C ha-1, 25.3±28.0 ton C ha-1 만큼 탄소 저장량이 확인되었기 때문에 탄소저장고로서 역할을 한다고 볼 수 있다. 따라서 농경지 생태계는토양의 양분관리를 통해 토양의 탄소 저장 및 탄소 배출 관리를 해야 한다.

Abstract

In this study, we analyzed the results of previous studies on different types of agricultural ecosystems to understand how environmental factors in soils, which serve as significant carbon reservoirs within agricultural ecosystems, a type of terrestrial ecosystem, affect soil carbon storage and soil respiration. As a result, most previous studies have been conducted on paddy field and facility cultivation area. And, the carbon storage in the soil and the soil's chemical properties, such as soil pH, electrical conductivity, soil organic matter content, and total nitrogen content, were higher in paddy field and orchard compared to field, facility cultivation area, and other cultivation area. The soil respiration in paddy field was also higher than in other types of agricultural ecosystems. Furthermore, soil carbon storage showed a significant correlation with soil organic matter (R2=0.7237, p=0.0000), total nitrogen (R2=0.8419, p=0.0000), and available phosphorus (R2=0.3123, p=0.0024), while soil respiration had a significant relationship with soil organic matter (R2=0.5644, p=0.0000). In this study, agricultural ecosystems were found to act as carbon sinks, with soil carbon storage measured at 49.1±8.9 tons C ha-1 in orchard, 31.8±6.9 tons C ha-1 in paddy field, and 25.3±28.0 tons C ha-1 in facility cultivation area. Therefore, agricultural ecosystems need to manage soil carbon storage and carbon emissions through proper soil nutrient management.

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