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아동학대 가해자 유형화(2010-2015)

Identifying Typologies of Child Maltreatment Perpetrator(2010-2015)

안재경|손수걸
한국경찰학회 (Korean Association Of Police Science)|2023.08|한국경찰학회보 (The Korean Association of Police Science Review)|제25권 제4호|pp. 1-30

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참고문헌

키워드

아동학대잠재계층분석Latent Class Analysis유형화Child AbuseTypologyChild Maltreatment아동폭력아동학대 가해자Chlid Abuse Perpetrator

초록

본 연구는 아동학대 행위자와 이들의 행동 패턴을 유형화하기 위해 ‘아동학대 실태와 학대 피해아동 보호법제를 위한 연구’의 피의자 자료 671건을 활용, 잠재계층분석을 실시했다. 가해자의 특성(성별, 이종전과, 교육수준 등) 6가지와 사건 특성(재범, 이종전과여부, 공범여부) 3개 총 9개의 변수를 사용하였다. 연구결과 아동학대 가해자들을 조직형, 저위험형, 만성/반복형의 세 가지 유형으로 분류할 수 있었다. 조직형의 경우 가해자 대다수가 여성이며 공동범행으로 가해를 실시했으며, 저위험형은 고등교육을 받은 비율이 높고 사건에 대한 합의에 있어 가장 적극성을 띄었다. 만성/반복형의 경우 가해자의 정신건강문제가 다소 빈번하고, 재범율이 높다는 점에서 상대적으로 위험성이 큰 집단인 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구 결과 실무적 측면에선 가해자 유형에 따른 아동복지 시스템의 차별적인 접근의 필요성을 제시하고, 학문적으로는 아동학대의 위험 요인과 관련된 실증 연구가 수행되어야 함을 강조하였다.

Abstract

This study aimed to classify different types of child abuse perpetrators through the research titled "Study on the Current Status of Child Abuse and Research on Legislation for the Protection of Abused Children." The study analyzed data from 671 subjects and employed latent class analysis. The analysis used 11 variables related to the characteristics of the perpetrators (e.g. stability of residence, physical and mental disabilities, gender, and educational level) and characteristics of the incidents (e.g. repeat offenses, involvement of different types of abuse, and co-perpetrators). The results revealed three distinct types of child abuse perpetrators: organized, low-risk, and chronic/repetitive. The organized type predominantly consisted of female perpetrators who engaged in abuse collectively, while the low-risk type had a higher level of education and displayed a more proactive approach towards resolving incidents. The chronic/ repetitive type exhibited a greater risk due to more frequent mental health problems among perpetrators and a higher likelihood of reoffending. Based on these findings, practical interventions should take into consideration the specific types of perpetrators, and further academic research should focus on identifying risk factors associated with child abuse.

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