한국의 산림습원 유형 구분 및 인벤토리 구축
A Study on Classification of Forest Wetlands Types and Inventory Establishment in Korea
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초록
본 연구는 국내 산림에 분포하는 습원을 대상으로 유형을 구분한 후 평가체계에 따라 등급을 부여하여 효율적인 보전및 관리 체계를 구축하고자 2015년부터 2019년까지 수행되었다. 2005년부터 2014년까지 제 1차 전국 산림습원 조사를 통해 도출된 1,264개소와 추가로 발굴된 16개소 총 1,280개소의 산림습원 중 습원의 기능과 가치가 있는 455개소를 구분하여, 평가를 진행하였다. 산림습원은 자연형, 묵논형, 인공형, 변형 등 4개 유형으로 구분되고, 이를 세부적으로 재분류하여, 총 11개의 세부적 습지 유형으로 구분할 수 있었다. 이를 토대로 식물 및 생태, 수문·수리, 인문사회, 교란정도 등 다양한 항목에 따라 평가한 후 등급화한 결과, 산림습원의 가치가 매우 높은 A 등급은 30개소, 비교적높은 수준의 가치를 지닌 B등급 201개소, 보통 수준의 가치인 C등급 184개소, 낮은 수준의 가치인 D등급 40개소를확인하였다. 평가에서 A 또는 B로 높은 등급을 받은 231개소에 대해 산림유전자원보호구역과 기타 효과적인 지역 기반 보전 수단을 지정하고, 또한 장기적인 모니터링 체계 시스템을 구축하여 산림생물다양성의 핫스팟 지역인 산림습원을 범국가적인 차원에서 보다 더 효과적이고 체계적으로 관리할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.
Abstract
This study was conducted to perform efficient conservation and management by classifying the types of wetlands distributed in forests of Korea and assigning grades according to the evaluation system from 2015 until 2019. From 2005 to 2014, 1,264 sites derived from the first national forest wetland survey and 16 additional excavated sites were classified and also evaluated 455 out of a total of 1,280 forest wetlands. Forest wetlands are divided into four types: natural type, abandoned paddy field type, man-made type, and modified type, and by reclassifying them in detail, a total of 11 detailed wetland types could be distinguished. Based on this, evaluation was performed according to various items such as plants and ecology, hydrology and hydrology, humanities and society, and the degree of disturbance was graded. As a result, the forest wetland value was sorted at 30 A- grade sites, high-value B-grade 201 sites, moderate C-grade 184 sites, and low-value D-grade 40 sites. Forest Genetic Resource Reserve (FGRR) and other effective area -based conservation measures (OECMs) were designated for 231 sites that received a high grade of A or B, and a long-term monitoring system should be established to systematically conserve forest biodiversity hotspot. It is judged that wetlands need to be managed more effectively and at the national level.
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