과학수사관의 핵심역량에 대한 탐색적 고찰
Exploratory research on the core competencies of crime scene investigators
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최근 과학수사에 대한 국민적 기대와 더불어 형사사법 절차에서의 과학적 증거의 중요성이 강조되고 있다. 이를 반영하여 경찰 과학수사는 전문성을 고도화하기 위해 채용부터 직무교육, 경력관리 등 다양한 노력을 하고 있다. 과학수사의 전문성은 특히 과학수사관에게 요구되는 핵심역량에 대한 이해가 전제되어야 한다. 이에 이 연구는 우리나라 경찰 과학수사관의 핵심역량을 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 Kelty와 동료들(2017)이 개발한 과학수사관 핵심역량 분류를 분석틀로 삼았다. 이 분석틀의 국내 적용 가능성을 모색하고, 과학수사 전문성 제고를 위한 교육훈련 과정에 대한 시사점을 도출하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 2023년 전국의 과학수사관을 대상으로 설문조사와 서울경찰청 소속 과학수사관을 FGI하였다. Kelty와 동료들(2017)이 제시한 과학수사관 핵심역량 중 상위역량을 중심으로 검토한 결과, 우리나라 경찰 과학수사관이 인식하는 과학수사관의 핵심역량은 생활 및 직장경험, 지식역량, 인지역량 등이 가장 중요한 역량으로 확인되었다. 이를 토대로 과학수사관 인적자원 관리에 관한 정책적 제언을 도출하였다. 우선, 과학수사관의 채용 과정에서 구술실기 시험에 지식역량 이외의 필요한 역량을 검토할 수 있는 평가요소가 추가되어야 한다. 다음으로, 신임 과학수사관 대상 교육과정을 역량기반의 교육과정으로 시간 배분 등 조정이 필요하다. 끝으로 개인의 역량 맞춤형 교육프로그램 제공을 제안한다.
Abstract
Numerous studies related to the scope -In recent years, the importance of scientific evidence in the criminal justice process has been emphasised along with the public's expectation of scientific investigation. In response to this, police forensic investigators are making various efforts to upgrade their expertise, from recruitment to training. The professionalism of crime scene investigators is predicated on an understanding of the core competencies required of crime scene investigators. This study aimed to examine the core competencies of crime scene investigators in Korea. For this purpose, the core competency classification of crime scene investigators developed by Kelty and colleagues (2017) was used as an analytical framework. The applicability of this framework in Korea was explored, and implications were drawn for training and education programmes to enhance forensic expertise. To do so, we surveyed crime scene investigators nationwide in 2023 and conducted FGIs with crime scene investigators from the Seoul Metropolitan Police Agency. As a result of reviewing the top competencies among the core competencies of crime scene investigators proposed by Kelty and colleagues (2017), the core competencies of crime scene investigators perceived by South Korean crime scene investigators were identified as the most important competencies such as life and work experience, knowledge competencies, and interpersonal competencies. Based on this, policy recommendations for human resource management of forensic investigators were derived. First, in the recruitment process of crime scene investigators, an evaluation component should be added to the oral practical examination to examine the necessary competencies other than knowledge competencies. Next, the curriculum for new crime scene investigators should be adjusted to be competency-based, including time allocation. Finally, it is proposed to provide training programmes tailored to individual competencies.
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