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한국판 웩슬러 기억검사 4판(Korean Wechsler Memory Scale-IV)에서 관찰된 교육에 따른 수행 차이

Impact of Education on the Korean Wechsler Memory Scale IV Performances

김지혜|황순택|홍상황|신민영|최진영|박광배
한국임상심리학회 (Korean Clinical Psychology Association)|2016.08|Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology|제35권 제3호|pp. 585-599|DOI 10.15842/kjcp.2016.35.3.001

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참고문헌

키워드

한국판 웩슬러 기억검사 4판교육의 영향기저율다변량 기저율인지자원Korean Wechsler Memory Scale-IVeffect of educationbase ratemulti-variate base ratecognitive reserve
주제분류심리과학

초록

본 연구에서는 한국판 웩슬러 기억검사 4판(K-WMS-IV)의 수행에 미치는 교육의 영향을 확인하고자 하였다. K-WMS-IV 표준화 자료를이용하여 교육 집단 별 소검사 및 지수점수를 비교하였고, 각 집단에 대해 특정 절단점 아래의 기저율 및 다변량 기저율을 산출하여 임상적 유용성을 증가시켰다. 또한 교육의 영향이 연령이 증가함에 따라 더 크게 나타나는지를 확인하기 위하여 교육과 연령의 상호작용 효과도 분석하였다. 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, K-WMS-IV 소검사 및 지수 점수의 평균은 교육 수준이 증가할수록 상승하는 경향이 있었다. 8 년 이하 교육 집단의 지수점수는 90.69-92.49인 데 반해, 16년 이상 교육 집단의 지수점수는 104.58-106.10으로, 두 집단 간에 1SD에 상당하는 점수 차이가 나고 있었다. 둘째, 교육 수준이 낮아질수록 기저율이 증가하였다. 8년 이하 교육 집단에서는 19.77-30.23%의 사람들이각 지수점수에서 M-1SD 미만의 점수를 받은 반면, 16년 이상 교육 집단에서는 5.23-8.14%가 이에 해당하였다. 또한 교육 수준이 낮아질수록 다변량 기저율이 증가하였다. 8년 이하의 교육 집단에서는 55%가 하나 이상의 지수 점수에서 M-1SD 미만의 점수를 받은 반면, 16년 이상 교육 집단에서는 18%가 이에 해당하였다. 마지막으로, 교육의 영향은 연령이 증가할수록 커지는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 학력에 따른 점수 차이로 인해 고학력자에서는 인지손상을 과소 추정하고 저학력에서는 인지 손상을 과대 추정할 수 있으며, 이러한 효과는특히 고연령 집단에서 두드러지게 나타날 수 있음을 시사한다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the potential effects of education on the Korean Wechsler Memory Scale, Fourth Edition (K-WMS-IV). The subtest scaled scores and index scores of education groups were compared, and the base rate and multi-variate base rate were produced for clinical utility. The interaction effect of age and education on the K-WMS-IV was also analyzed. The main results were as follows. First, the subtest scores and index scores were different depending on the levels of education. Index scores of the lowest education group (≤ 8) were 90.69-92.49, while those of the highest education group were 104.58-106.10 (≥16). Second, the base rate-i.e., percentage of cases below the cut-off score of M-1SD- of each index score tended to increase as years of education decreased. The base rates of the lowest education group were 19.77-30.23%, while those of the highest education group were 5.23-8.14%. In addition, the multi-variate base rate increased as the levels of education decreased. In the lowest education group, 55% of the lowest education group had one or more low index scores below the cut-off score (≤M-1SD), while 18% of the highest education group had one or more low scores. Lastly, the impact of education on memory performance increased as subjects got older. These results suggest that the K-WMS-IV would overestimate cognitive impairment in subjects with less education, while underestimate cognitive impairment in those with more education, especially in the older population.

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