A New Interpretation of Rousseau’s Naturalistic Education Ideas
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Purpose: The purpose of this article is to re-analyze the meaning and practical vision of Rousseau's naturalistic education ideas from the perspective of the reconciliation between the good man and the good citizen. Method: First, I explained the reason for the formation of Rousseau's naturalistic education ideas by reviewing his theory of the state of nature. Second, I analyzed the three basic stages of Rousseau's naturalistic education ideas from the perspective of the internal connection between the good man and the good citizen. Results: First, the aim of reexamining Rousseau's state of nature was to understand human nature and its natural rights. Rousseau's concept of ‘the goodness of human nature’ provided a theoretical basis for us to understand what kind of person is a good man in accordance with nature and how to cultivate good citizens in a civilized society. The exploration of a man's natural state was not only the first step towards the better understanding of the politcal order in accordance with nature, but also the fundamental way to formulate the educational model in accordance with a man's nature. Second, the object of the education of the 'natural man' was the perfect development of the natural virtues which nature has given to him, that is, the cultivation of a good and noble man. The education of the 'social man' was a special intermediate link in the process of the transformation from a good man to a good citizen. Its function was to make use of all social factors to further improve human nature and strive to cultivate social men who could interact with others, society or politics in a "natural" society. The focus of the education of the 'political man' was how to transform a social man into a good citizen with civic virtue. The criterion to judge whether a man is a good citizen lies in whether he could maintain and practice his natural virtues to the maximum extent in a political society. Conclusion: This paper, fundamentally, focused on the possibility of reconciliation between the good man and the good citizen and explored the practical vision and its pedagogical significance of Rousseau's naturalistic education ideas in schooling. Rousseau's concept of naturalistic education was to explore the possibility of the integration of natural individuals and their citizenship in different environments. In schooling, we could not return to the natural state set by Rousseau. but had to face others and public life, and learned to live in harmony with the public environment and its things.
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this article is to re-analyze the meaning and practical vision of Rousseau's naturalistic education ideas from the perspective of the reconciliation between the good man and the good citizen. Method: First, I explained the reason for the formation of Rousseau's naturalistic education ideas by reviewing his theory of the state of nature. Second, I analyzed the three basic stages of Rousseau's naturalistic education ideas from the perspective of the internal connection between the good man and the good citizen. Results: First, the aim of reexamining Rousseau's state of nature was to understand human nature and its natural rights. Rousseau's concept of ‘the goodness of human nature’ provided a theoretical basis for us to understand what kind of person is a good man in accordance with nature and how to cultivate good citizens in a civilized society. The exploration of a man's natural state was not only the first step towards the better understanding of the politcal order in accordance with nature, but also the fundamental way to formulate the educational model in accordance with a man's nature. Second, the object of the education of the 'natural man' was the perfect development of the natural virtues which nature has given to him, that is, the cultivation of a good and noble man. The education of the 'social man' was a special intermediate link in the process of the transformation from a good man to a good citizen. Its function was to make use of all social factors to further improve human nature and strive to cultivate social men who could interact with others, society or politics in a "natural" society. The focus of the education of the 'political man' was how to transform a social man into a good citizen with civic virtue. The criterion to judge whether a man is a good citizen lies in whether he could maintain and practice his natural virtues to the maximum extent in a political society. Conclusion: This paper, fundamentally, focused on the possibility of reconciliation between the good man and the good citizen and explored the practical vision and its pedagogical significance of Rousseau's naturalistic education ideas in schooling. Rousseau's concept of naturalistic education was to explore the possibility of the integration of natural individuals and their citizenship in different environments. In schooling, we could not return to the natural state set by Rousseau. but had to face others and public life, and learned to live in harmony with the public environment and its things.
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