4세기 금관가야의 대외관계 검토

Abstract

It’s being excavated various artifacts with foreign style from the Geumgwan Gaya regions in the 4th century. It’s based on the origin of the artifact that have been confirmed. It can be categorized into the 4 large groups those’re Goguryeo(高句麗), Wa(倭), Three Yan(三燕) and other regions within the Korean peninsula etc.. The artifacts with Goguryeo and Three Yan style have been observed mainly the identificated artifacts(威信財) those’re the gilt bronze harness(馬具), the gold belt with Jin style(晋式帶金具) etc.. These were usually found from the 2nd quarter to the 3rd quarter in 4th century. It’s concentrated in the Daeseong-dong archaeological site, even within Geumgwan Gaya. The Japan-Hajiki style pottery that it’s connected in everyday life had been consistently confirmed from the late 3rd century to the end of the 4th century. It’s emerged the identificated artifacts those’re the waveform bronze ware(波形銅器), the cylinder-shaped bronze ware(筒形銅器), the jade sapphire, the tuff stone products etc. from the 2nd quarter of the fourth century. Most of the waveform bronze ware, the tuff stone products had been concentrated in the Daeseong-dong site. The weaponry was also focused on the Daeseong-dong site from the 3rd quarter of the fourth century. It's still not confirmed the identificated artifacts in the data showing the relationship between the other regions within the Korean peninsula like the Yeongsangang river basin or the western part of South Gyeongsang Province. The daily living materials such as pottery are quite well found in coastal areas of Geumgwan Gaya, Daeseong-dong and Bokcheon-dong. In order to interpret these Japan style artifacts, it’s figured it out with the historical trends of each region. As a result, The artifacts with Goguryeo and Three Yan style were pointed out that we need to consider the connection with the Chinese southern dynasties(南朝) rather than basing the root on the Three Yan’s entirety. But it’s have to wait for further data growth, to understand why both regions interact. In consideration of the distribution of the jade 56_ sapphire, the Hajiki style pottery, it’s known that the both of interchanges were happening simultaneously. There’re the multiple interchange with various areas in the Japanese islands, the relationship between the Daeseong-dong politics and the Kinai(畿內; provinces surrounding Kyoto and Nara) leading force in the identificated artifacts. In the back of this interaction, the iron resources that have been previously pointed out are likely to be referred to as intermediaries. It’s related to active movement that the Kinai leading force desired to have ascendancy over in the Japanese islands, through the acquisition of the artifacts with Goguryeo and Three Yan style, the iron implements and the steel tools for improving productivity those’re reached at the Geumgwan Gaya regions. By acceptance for the identificated artifacts as the weaponry those’re the tuff stone products, the waveform bronze ware, the bronze arrowhead etc. from the Kinai to the Geumgwan Gaya in a return service, They would have obtained the command and control of the Japanese military. It seems to be related to the Japanese military movements identified in the Chronicles of the Three States(三國史記) since the middle of the fourth century.