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종교와 종교성이 자살 생각에 미치는 영향: 자살 태도의 매개효과

Effects of religion and religiosity on suicidal ideation: The mediating effect of the suicide attitude

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본 연구는 종교와 종교성(믿음 정도와 참석 빈도)이 자살 생각에 미치는 관계에서 자살 태도의 매개효과를 검토한다. 이를 위해 2018년 <한국종합사회조사>를 활용하여 이항로지스틱분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과는 첫째, 참석 빈도가 높은 개신교 신봉자가 무종교인에 비해 ‘불치병에 걸렸을 경우’에 자살을 허용하는 태도가 낮았다. 둘째, 참석 빈도가 높은 불교와 개신교 신봉자가 무종교인에 비해서 자살 생각을 할 가능성이 낮았으며, 이는 ‘불치병에 걸렸을 경우’에 자살을 허용하는 태도에 의해서 완전 매개되었다. 마지막으로 믿음 정도가 다소 강하거나 강한 개신교 신봉자는 무종교인에 비해 자살을 생각할 가능성이 낮았으며, 이는 ‘불치병에 걸렸을 경우’에 자살을 허용하는 태도에 의해서 부분 매개 되었다. 이 연구의 결과는 종교 유형과 종교성(믿음 정도와 참석 빈도)이 자살 생각을 낮추며, 이 과정에서 ‘불치병에 걸렸을 경우’에 자살을 금지하는 태도에 의해서 매개됨을 보여준다.

Abstract

This study examines the mediation effect of the suicide attitude in the relationship between religion and religiosity – that is, the degree of belief and frequency of attendance - on suicidal ideation. To this end, a binary logistic analysis used the 2018 Korean General Social Survey. Results of this analysis showed that, first, Protestant believers with a high frequency of church attendance had a lower acceptance of suicide “in cases of incurable disease” than non-religious believers had. Second, Buddhist and Protestant believers with high frequency of attendance were less likely to exhibit ideation of suicide than non-religious believers were, which included complete mediation by the attitude of allowing suicide in cases of incurable disease. Lastly, Protestant believers with a strong or somewhat strong degree of faith were less likely to exhibit suicidal ideation than non-religious believers were, which included partial mediation by the attitude of allowing suicide “in cases of incurable disease.” The results of this study show that types and characteristics of religion (degree of faith and frequency of attendance) may lower suicidal ideation and are mediated by the attitude of prohibiting suicide “in cases of incurable disease.”

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