无证据概念的证明障碍证成
The Concept of Non-evidence Being Justified from Evidentiary Barriers
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초록
正是为了摆脱“证据”即“有证据”和“真证据”的语义学困境，笔者提出了一个让证据“从有变无”、“从真变假”的无证据概念。“无证据”概念有无罪推定的基本原则和排除证据以及排除合理怀疑这两个法律制度的支撑。从一种动态过程而言，无证据可能包含自“始”的“无有罪证据”和至“终”的“有无罪证据”两个阶段的内容，由此形成了存在“无有罪证据”的程序分流即“事实无证据”和不能“排除合理怀疑”而疑罪从无即“法律无证据”两种情形。这样两层的“证明障碍”在某种程度上可以得到控辩审的职权分工和法官与陪审团二元分权的特定组织机制以及程序性裁判、表见证明和说服责任等程序运行机制的双重支持。
Abstract
It is to break away from semantics dilemma that "evidence" is "having evidence" or evidence is "real evidence”, the author puts forward a concept of non-evidence referred no evidence transformed from "having evidence" and false evidence from "true evidence”."Non-evidence" concept has a legal systematic support such as the basic principle of presumption of innocence and the exclusionary rules of evidence as well as standard of proof “beyond a reasonable doubt”.In a dynamic process, non-evidence may contain the contents of the two stages, "no evidence of guilt" from the "start" as factual non-evidence and proof without "beyond a reasonable doubt" so having evidence of innocence to "the end" as legal non-evidence. Those two layers of "evidentiary barriers" to some extent lay on both a particular organization mechanism of functional divisions among participants and binary separation of powers between judge and jury, and operation mechanism such as procedural adjudication, proof of prima facie, burden of persuasion and others.
참고문헌 (10)
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