『承政院日記』를 통해 본 草記의 전면적 考察

Abstract

Originally Cho-Gi was the document which was used to report to a sovereign by a government office where Do-Je-Jo was, it couldn’t be used by a government office in the provences but only used by a government office in capital. Cho-Gi was occurred when the method of report was switching over from verbal messages to documents, and for the period, it can be defined to be used from the period of Myung-Jong, at the earliest or the period of Sun-Jo, at the lastest. The existing researches of Cho-Gi is limited to mention of the concept or form of Cho-Gi, so there were errors and limits even there was a certain outcome of researches. In order to correct these errors and limits, it is necessary to study the paleography of Cho-Gi and the complied book of Cho-Gi at the same time. The summary of the document form of Cho-Gi which was used in a compiled book for a government office and a original document is as below. First, for the beginning of Cho-Gi, there is method to use the name of government office or the name of official post. Second, for the ending of Cho-Gi, it is finished with the form of report, request or inquiry. Third, there is no information of date, name of official post and stamping of a seal in the end of Cho-Gi. Fourth, Cho-Gi is written in half the Jang-Ji and submitted after folding it up in fixed interval and winding from the rear. The summary of the document form of Cho-Gi in Seung-Jeong- Won-Il-Gi is as following. First, it is written the name of Seung-Ji who reports the Cho-Gi in the beginning of Cho-Gi of a government office. Second, it is written the name of a government office or an official post as the reporter of Cho-Gi. Third, it is written as the form that Seung-Ji informs the remark and opinion of the reporter of Cho-Gi. Fourth, it is finished with the sentense of ending of the Cho-Gi as ‘Have the honor to report ～’ for reporting to a sovereign, ‘Have the honor to request ～’ for request and ‘Have the honor to ask ～’ for asking, ‘Have the honor to be adviced ～’ for beging advice. Fifth, it is written as the form of Jeon-Gyo for the Bi-Dab of the Cho-Gi. The Cho-Gi in Seung-Jeong-Won-Il-Gi can be classifed by the form but the Cho-Gi which is written in Seung-Jeong-Won-Il-Gi lost the character of a paleograph so it is difficult to classify by the form. The Cho-Gi in Seung-Jeong-Won-Il-Gi also can be consider to be classifed by the contents but it is changed by a government office so it is also difficult to do it. Therefore it is reasonable to classify the Cho-Gi by a government office which reports it. To classify the Cho-Gi by a government office, it can be divided as the Cho-Gi of a government office which Do-Je-Jo is the head, the Cho-Gi of a government office which Je-Jo is the head, the Cho-Gi of a government office without JEJO and the Cho-Gi of a temporary government office which is founded for special tasks. The Cho-Gi was the document which was used by a government office where Do-Je-Jo was but the number of government office had increased as times goes on and a government office where Do-Je-Jo wasn’t also became to use it. To analyze the Cho-Gi in Seung-Jeong-Won-Il-Gi, the number of Cho-Gi which was reported by a government office where Do-Je-Jo or Je-Jo wasn’t is more than the number of Cho-Gi which was reported by a government office where Do-Je-Jo was. The reason why the usage of Cho-Gi was expanded like this is because it is expected that the Cho-Gi could be maden very freely and simply unlike the document of Gye-Bon or Gye-Mok which had strick form so it was useful to report an urgent issue to a sovereign by a subject. The process of the document incomings and outgoings between a sovereign and a subject was done by Seung-Jeong-Won. So, the Cho-Gi was also reported to a sovereign through the Seung-Jeong-Won and informed to each government offices through the Seung-Jeong-Won. If each government offices made Cho-Gi and delivered it to the Seung-Jeong-Won then the Seung-Jeong-Won dealt it among reporting to a sovereign, keeping in the Seung-Jeong-Won or returning to a government office. And if the Seung-Jeong-Won submitted the Cho-Gi to a sovereign then a sovereign dealt it among approval, keeping or returning. For the Cho-Gi which was approved by a sovereign, the Seung-Jeong- Won called a Nang-Cheong and told the result of the process of the Cho-Gi or informed it to relevant provinces after writing it as the form of Kwan-Moon with the message of Bi-D뮤. The Cho-Gi which was reported by each government offices was recorded the original messages into the Seung-Jeong-Won-Il-Gi then kept it after making it to Cho-Gi-Chuk by Seung-Jeong-Won and each government offices made Gi-Byeol-Seo-Ri go to the Seung-Jeong-Won and copy the Cho-Gi-Chuk for the reference if necessary.