중용과 정신건강 및 심리적 유연성의 관계
The Relationships between Zhongyong, Mental Health, and Psychological Flexibility
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초록
본 연구에서는 한국인의 의식과 행동에 여전히 많은 영향을 미치고 있는 유학의 개념 중 일상성과 실천성이 높은 중용(中庸)을 심리학적으로 연구하였다. 중용 개념의 실용적 적용을 위한 실증적 연구로서의 기반을 마련하고자 중용과 정신건강의 관계를 탐구하였고, 유사 개념으로 볼 수있는 심리적 유연성과의 차별점을 비교분석하였다. 중용은 상황을 잘파악하여 적절한 행동을 취하고(시중[時中]), 상황의 전체를 고려하여 극단에 치우치지 않으려고 하며(불편불의[不偏不倚]), 타인에 대해 열려 있고 다른 것을 관용하는(역지사지[易地思之]) 태도로 구성되어 있어, 중용적 태도가 높을수록 정신건강 및 대인관계 측면에서 적응적인 기능을 할 것으로 예상하였다. 이를 검증하기 위해 대학생 364명을 대상으로 중용적 태도와 자존감, 정신적 웰빙, 대인관계 효능감, 우울, 불안, 경계선 성격과 같은 적응적 및 부적응적 변인과의 관계를 살펴보았다. 그 결과 중용적 태도는 우울 및 불안, 경계선 성격성향과 같은 부적응적 변인들과는 부적 상관이, 자존감, 정신적웰빙 및 대인관계 유능성과 같은 적응적 변인들과는 정적 상관이 나타났다. 더불어 유사한 측면을 담고 있는 심리적 유연성과의 비교를 통해 중용적 태도가 특질불안, 경계선성격, 자존감, 정신적 웰빙에서 추가적인 설명력이 있음을 발견하였고, 특히 대인관계 유능성에서 중용적 태도의 추가 설명력이 상대적으로 더 많이 있음을 밝혔다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 의의 및 추후 요구되는 연구 주제에 대해 논의하였다.
Abstract
In this study, the relationships between the practical Confucian virtue of Zhongyong (Doctrine of the Mean), mental health, and psychological flexibility were investigated. Zhongyong consists of three aspects: understanding the situations and taking appropriate action or optimal response (timeliness and harmony); not being biased and going toward the extreme (dynamic balance and equilibrium); and being open to and tolerant of others (empathy). This study was designed to examine the relationships between the Zhongyong attitude and various positive/negative psychological variables (depression, anxiety, borderline personality traits, self-esteem, well-being, psychological flexibility, and interpersonal competence) with the participation of 364 college students. The results indicated that Zhongyong was significantly correlated with lower levels of depression, anxiety, and borderline personality traits and higher levels of self-esteem, well-being, and interpersonal competence. In particular, the Zhongyong attitude had a stronger effect on interpersonal competence than psychological flexibility. Finally, the implications and limitations of this study and suggestions for future research are discussed.
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