캄보디아 화교사회에 사회 및 경제 네트워크
Social and Economic Networks formed within the Chinese Community in Cambodia
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참고문헌
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초록
본 연구는 캄보디아 화교들의 사회 및 경제 네트워크에 대한 고찰과 이들 내재적 변수들이 화교사회의 형성과 운영에 미친 영향을 분석한다. 지금까지 동남아시아 화교에 대한 연구는 주로 서구 및 중국 학자들을 중심으로 영문으로 서술되었으며, 지리적으로는 캄보디아를 포함한 대륙 동남아 보다는 도서 동남아를 대상으로 한 경우가 많았다. 또 대륙 동남아에 대한 얼마 안 되는 연구조차도 정착 국가의 지리적, 문화적 환경이나 식민지 경험 등, 화교 입장에서는 외재적 요인을 기반으로 한 경우가 대부분이다. 이에 중국학자들이 중국어로 화교 내부의 요소들을 중심으로 캄보디아, 라오스, 미얀마 등 국가에 형성된 화교사회를 서술한 연구들이 있으나, 민족적 유대감에 기초한 선험적 편견으로 인하여 객관성을 잃는 경우가 많다. 이런 점에 유의하여 본 연구는 영문과 중문 자료를 망라하여 동남아의 화교사회를 내부적 시각에서 보다 객관적으로 보려고 시도한다. 그리고 사례의 선택에 있어서도 다른 대륙 동남아 보다 상대적으로 연구가 적었던 캄보디아를 택함으로써 연구의 독창성을 추구한다.
Abstract
This study characterizes the communities of ethnic Chinese in Cambodia from their social and economic networks. It emphasizes the self-constructed aspects of the community over such external constraints as politics and economy of Cambodia. By doing so, this research differentiates itself from the existing studies on Southeast Asia in general, or regional studies specified to the continental Southeast Asia. First, the analytical frameworks that most studies on Southeast Asia hold are hard to apply to an analysis of ethnic Chinese in Cambodia, since they are either viewed from western perspectives or geographically lopsided to insular Southeast Asian countries. Second, what small number of studies narrowly focused on the continental Southeast Asia similarly limited the applicability of their analyses, if they have dealt with ethnic Chinese, by focusing on such exogenous conditions as geography, cultural environments, or colonial experiences of the home countries. Finally, a few studies by Chinese scholars written in Chinese have actually investigated the internal aspects of the Chinese community in the continental Southeast Asia, but due to their ethnic affinity and their intrinsic bias as a consequence toward the ethnic Chinese in foreign countries, the studies tend to lose objectivity. So, this study combines both English and Chinese studies on ethnic Chinese in Southeast Asia, and thereby provides a better view on the Chinese community. The selection of Cambodia for the empirical case also aims at keeping the originality of the research while few studies have done a single case study on Cambodia.
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