우울장애에서 인지기능의 결손: 짝과제를 사용한 검증
Cognitive Deficits in Depressed Patients: Evidence from a Paired-task Analysis
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초록
본 연구의 목적은 우울장애 환자에 인지기능 결손이 있는지를 살펴보는 것이었다. 연구 참여자는 우울장애 환자 28명과 일반인 14명이었다. 연구 도구로는 한국판 웩슬러 성인용지능검사, Kims 전두엽-관리기능 신경심리검사, 한국판 Beck 우울증척도-II를 사용하였다. 우울군과 대조군의 비교는 관리기능 의존도가 높고 낮음에 따라 구성한 6개의 짝과제에 기초하여 실시하였다. 주요 결과는 다음과 같았다. 첫째, Wechsler IQ―Executive IQ, Verbal IQ―Performance IQ, 기본지식문제―단어유창성, 빠진곳찾기―도안유창성의 짝과제 결과는 관리기능(executive function)의 결손을 보여주었다. 둘째, 단순시행―간섭시행의 짝과제 결과는 주의기능의 결손을 보여주었다. 셋째, 재인시행―회상시행의 짝과제 결과는 기억기능의 결손을 보여주었다. Beck 우울증척도-II로 측정한 우울증상의 심도와 인지기능 점수들 간의 상관은 어느 것도 유의하지 않았다. 종합하면, 본 연구의 결과는 우울장애 환자에 관리기능, 주의기능, 기억기능의 결손이 있음을 보여준다. 이러한 인지적 결손 중 어디까지가 일시적인 상태적 특성이며, 어디까지가 보다 안정적인 신경심리적 결손을 반영하는지는 차후 심도 있는 연구를 요한다.
Abstract
The present study investigated cognitive functions of depressed patients. The participants were 28 depressed patients and 14 normal subjects. Each participant received K-Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Kims Frontal-Executive Function Neuropsychological Test, and Beck Depression Inventory(BDI)-II. The data were analyzed using a paired-task approach. Results yielded three main findings. First, results of 4 paired tasks(Wechsler IQ―Executive IQ, VIQ―PIQ, Information―Verbal Fluency, Picture Completion―Figural Fluency) indicated executive dysfunction in depressed patients. Second, results of the Simple Trial―Interference Trial paired task indicated attentional dysfunction. Third, results of the Recognition―Recall paired task indicated memory dysfunction. Depression severity measured by BDI-II was not significantly correlated with any of the cognitive measures. These findings indicate that depression is associated with impairments in executive, attention and memory functions.
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