탄화규소섬유와 탄소섬유 하이브리드 직물을 강화재로 한 SiC 매트릭스 세라믹복합재의 기계적물성, 산화 및 삭마 저항성 개선 연구
Study on Improvement of Mechanical Property, Oxidation and Erosion Resistance of SiC Matrix Ceramic Composites Reinforced by Hybrid Fabric Composed of SiC and Carbon Fiber
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초록
본 연구에서는 탄소섬유, 탄화규소섬유 그리고 하이브리드섬유를 강화재로 하여 TGCVI와 PIP 혼합 공정으로 Cf/SiC, SiCf/SiC, Cf-SiCf/SiC의 세라믹복합재를 제조하였다. 열충격싸이클시험, 3-점 굴곡험과 Oxy-Acetylene토취 시험후에 그들의 기계적물성, 산화저항성과 내삭마성을 평가하였다. Cf/SiC복합재는 온도 증가에 따라서 기계적물성의 감소와 준 연성의 파단모드, 그리고 높은 삭마량을 보였다. SiCf/SiC복합재는 Cf/SiC 복합재에 비하여 강한 기계적물성, 낮은 삭마량을 그리고 취성의 파단모드를 나타냈다. 한편 하이브리드 복합재는 가장 우수한 기계적물성과 SiCf/SiC보다는 연성의 파단모드 그리고 Cf /SiC 보다 낮은 삭마량의 결과를 나타냈다. Oxy-Acetylene토취 시험 중에 SiC매트릭스는 산화되어 SiO2층을 형성하였으며, 특히 이 층은 Cf-SiCf/SiC 와 SiCf/SiC 복합재에서 섬유의 추가적인 삭마를 막는 역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 낮은 기공율을 갖는 하이브리드 복합재를 제조한다면, Cf/SiC의 산화로 인한 기계적물성의 감소와 SiCf/SiC 복합재의 취성 파단모드의 개선으로 고온 산화분위기에서 고온열구조재로의 적용이 높을 것으로 기대한다.
Abstract
In this study, Cf/SiC, SiCf/SiC and Cf-SiCf/SiC ceramic composites reinforcing carbon fiber, SiC fiber and hybrid fiber were fabricated by hybrid TGCVI and PIP process. After the thermal shock cycle, 3-point bending and Oxy-Acetylene torch test, their mechanical behavior, oxidation and erosion resistance were evaluated. The Cf/SiC composite showed a decrease in mechanical property along with increasing temperature, a pseudo-ductile fracture mode and a large quantity of erosion. The SiCf/SiC composite exhibited stronger mechanical property and lower erosion rate compared to the Cf/SiC, but brittle fracture mode. On the other hand, hybrid type of Cf-SiCf/SiC composite gave the best mechanical property, more ductile failure mode than the SiCf/SiC, and lower erosion rate than the Cf/SiC. During the Oxy-Acetylene torch test, the SiO2 formed by reaction of the SiC matrix with oxygen prevented further oxidation or erosion of the fibers for Cf-SiCf/SiC and SiCf/SiC composites particularly . In conclusion, if a hybrid composite with low porosity is prepared, this material is expected to have high applicability as a high temperature thermo-structural composite under high temperature oxidation atmosphere by improving low mechanical property due to the oxidation of Cf/SiC and brittle fracture mode of SiCf/SiC composite.
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