고하중 저속 조건에서의 자동차 AVN 소재의 스퀵 소음에 관한 연구
Study on Squeak Noises in Car AVN Materials under High Load and Low Speed Conditions
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자동차 산업이 내연기관(ICE)에서 배터리 전기 자동차(BEV)로 전환함에 따라 고객들은 특히 오디오, 비디오, 내비게이션(AVN) 부품에서 발생하는 스퀵 소음에 대한 인식과 해결책에 대한 요구가 점점 더 커지고 있다. 이러한 소음은 상대적으로 높은 하중과 저속 조건에서 발생하며, 과거 문제가 되었던 스퀵 소음과는 다른 발현 조건을 가지고 있어 상용 마찰시험장비에서는 재현할 수 없다는 한계가 존재했다. 따라서 이 연구에서는 현재 문제가 되고 있는 이음 현상을 관측할 수 있는 새로운 마찰시험기를 개발하여 평가하였다. 이 마찰시험기는 Pin-on-Disk 형태의 마찰시험기로 AVN 부품 소재의 스퀵 이음 시험 조건을 설정할 수 있고, 마찰에 의한 가속도, 음압 및 변위 등을 정량적으로 계측할 수 있다. 개발된 장비는 잘 알려진 접촉 쌍의 소음 평가 및 반복성 비교시험 두 가지 유형의 시험으로 평가하였다. 시험 결과, 개발된 시험기가 스퀵 소음 평가에 활용될 수 있음을 확인하였다. 본 시험에서는 고하중 저속 조건에서의 이음의 특성을 파악하고 마찰과 이음과의 관계를 확인하였으며, 고하중 저속 조건의 이음이 여러 스퀵 이음 현상 중 Groan noise에 해당되는 것을 확인하였다. 더불어, 변위, 마찰력 및 가속도가 음압과 R2 = 0.75 이상의 상관관계를 확인하였으며, 특히 가속도는 음압과 R2 = 0.94 이상의 상관관계를 보여 이음을 예측할 수 있는 주요 파라미터로 확인되었다.
Abstract
As the automotive industry transitions from internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEV) to Battery electric vehicles (BEVs), customers are becoming increasingly aware of and demanding solutions to squeak noises, especially from audio, video, and navigation (AVN) components. These noises occur under relatively high load and low speed conditions and cannot be reproduced on commercial friction test equipment. Therefore, a new friction testing machine was developed and evaluated in this study. This machine is a pin-on-disk type tribometer that can set up the squeak noises test conditions for AVN component materials and quantitatively measure acceleration, sound pressure, and displacement due to friction. The developed equipment was evaluated through two types of tests: the noise evaluation of well-known contact pairs, and the comparison test of the friction coefficient repeatability. The test results confirm that the developed test machine can be utilized for the evaluation of the squeak noise. In addition, it was also found that the characteristics of squeak noise in high load and low speed conditions can be defined as groan noise. Moreover, displacement, friction force, acceleration was found to have relationship with sound amplitude with relation of more than R2 = 0.75. Acceleration can be a key parameter to predict squeak noise, since they have strong correlation (R2 = 0.94) in high load low speed conditions.
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