경찰의 음주운전 단속효과에 관한 분석
A Study on Effect of police Enforcement for Drunk Driving
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초록
이 연구에서는 억제이론을 바탕으로 경찰의 음주단속 및 처벌이 음주운전에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 지를 분석하고자 한다. 특히 억제이론에서 제시한 바와 같은 처벌의 억제효과에 초점을 맞춰 살펴보고, 또한 그러한 경찰의 음주단속효과가 특정 집단에 따라 다르게 나타는 지에 대한 차별적 억제효과에 대하여 살펴보고자 한다. 이 연구에서 사용된 자료는 한국형사정책연구원에 의하여 서울시에 거주하는 남녀 자가운전자를 대상으로 설문조사하여 수집한 자료이다. 개인의 인구 및 사회적 요인, 음주성향, 그리고 음주운전 단속경험 등이 인지적 억제력과 장래의 음주운전에 대한 영향을 분석하기 위하여 상관관계와 회귀분석 등을 사용하였다. 분석결과, 경찰의 음주운전단속 및 처벌은 운전자에게 인지된 억제력을 높이지 못하는 것으로 나타났으며, 그와는 반대로 음주운전 처벌경험은 인지된 억제력을 약화시켜 장래의 음주운전을 지속시키는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 억제이론에서 제시된 처벌의 억제효과가설보다는 대담효과가설을 지지한다고 평가할 수 있다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine on Effect of police Enforcement for Drunk Driving in Korean society. Deterrence theory assume a rational offender, and emphasizes the threat of punishment to inhibit criminal behavior. The deterrent effect of punishment relies on the existence of three factors. These are the severity, certainty, and celerity of the punishment. This study is focus on deterrent effect of perceived risk of punishment, emboldening effect, formal punishment and informal punishment, and differential deterrent effect. The data used in this study are drawn from a self-reported survey conducted in Seoul in 2004 by Korean Institute of Criminal Justice. The sample consists of a total of 1.007 drivers, ages 20-66 years old, but in this study we analyse only the drivers who reported at least some drinking during the last year(n=870). We try to measure driver's socio-demographic factors such as sex, age, education, occupation, and income. And we consider driver's socio-demographic factors, the driver's alcohol use style, experiential factors of police enforcement for drunk driving as independent variables. And we measure perceived deterrence as formal and informal deterrence, and these factors is considered as mediated variables. And Drinking-driving is measured for perceived likelihood drinking and driving in future, and these probability of drunk driving is considered as dependent variable. To examine the effect of socio-demographic factors and experiential factors on perceived deterrence of punishment and drunk driving, we used correlation and regression analyses. Major findings of our analyses are as follows. Consequently, the data did not support the deterrent effect hypotheses that experiential factors of punishment is related negatively perceived risk of formal and informal punishment, but supported the emboldening effect that experiential factors of punishment is related positively perceived risk of formal and informal punishment.
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