온라인 저작권침해 범죄에 대한 공식처벌의 조건적 억제효과 연구 - 세 입장의 검증 -
A Conditioning Deterrent Effect of Sanction on Digital Piracy: Testing Three Standpoints
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초록
이 연구는 온라인상에서의 저작권침해 행위에 대해 갖는 공식처벌의 억제효과를 살펴보려고 했다. 하지만 기존 범죄연구들에서는 공식처벌의 효과가 다른 이론들의 변인들과 비교했을 때 부족했다는 결과들이 많았고, 그로 인해 조건적 논의들의 등장한 점에서, 기존 논의들을 합리적 선택자론, 잠정적 범죄자론, 중도대상자론의 세 입장으로 제시하고 이들을 검증하고자 했다. 서울시 대학생 286명 대상의 분석에서 본 연구에서는 처벌의 인지도가 온라인 저작권침해의도에 영향력이 낮다는 결과를 제시했다. 그리고 주위 사람들과의 유대와 도덕적 신념과 같은 사회유대변인들이 저작권침해의도에 큰 영향력을 갖는다는 결과를 제시했다. 본 연구의 주 관심으로 조건적 논의에 대한 검증의 결과로는 공식처벌 인지도가 주위 사람과의 유대나 도덕적 신념과의 상호작용효과가 유의미하지 않았고 주위 사람과의 유대나 도덕적 신념은 공식처벌과 상관없이 독립적으로 유의미한 큰 영향력을 나타냈지만 ,공식처벌 인지도는 자기통제력 및 위반자와의 접촉과 상호작용효과를 갖는 것을 제시했다. 그리고 그 결과는 처벌의 억제효과가 자기통제력 및 위반자접촉이 높지도 낮지도 않은 중간 정도의 대학생에게서 더 나타난다는 결과를 제시해 합리적 선택자론이나 잠정적 범죄자론보다는 중도대상자론이 더 설득력이 있다는 것을 제시했다.
Abstract
This study intends to test a deterrent effect of the perceived legal sanction on digital piracy. It also tests whether the effect of the perceived legal sanction is reduced when other extralegal variables such as social bonds, moral beliefs, self-control, and differential association with offenders are controlled. In addition, this study tests the three standpoints for conditional hypotheses in the deterrent effect of legal sanction on digital piracy: first, the threat of sanction can deter among individuals with high social bonds and beliefs, high self-control, and low differential association with offenders; second, the threat of sanction can deter among criminally prone individuals with low social bonds and belief, high propensity of crime, and high differential association with offenders; and third, the threat of sanctions may be most consequential for the middle group between two distinct groups. Using data from 286 university students in Seoul, results show that the effect of legal sanction on intention to digital piracy is not significant. However, results reveal that the conditioning effect of the perceived legal sanction is appeared and supports the third standpoint. That is, the interaction effects between the perceived sanction and both self-control and differential association with offenders on intention to digital piracy are significant and it is found that the effect of legal sanction is strong when those conditioning variables are middle. even though its interaction effects with social bonds and moral belief are not significant.
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