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영국의 신노동당의 소년사법정책에 대한 비판적 연구: 형사사법학·역사적 관점

Critical Analysis of Youth Justice Policies of British New Labour Party: Some Criminal Justice and Historical Perspectives

김민지|최관
한국경찰연구학회 (Korean Police Studies Association)|2016.09|한국경찰연구 (Korean Police Studies Review)|제15권 제3호|pp. 325-350

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참고문헌

키워드

영국소년사법역사적 관점BritainNew Labour신노동당형사사법학Youth JusticeCriminal JusitceHistorical Perspectives

초록

이 연구의 목적은 영국의 신노동당이 “새로운” 청소년 사법제도를 제시했다는 의견에 반박하는 것이다. 신노동당이 제시한 다양한 제정된 법들을 분석하고 이전 행정부와의 비슷한 점에 대해 논의하였다. 이전 행정부 정책의 지속성은 법제정의 내용에도 분명히 드러나 있을 뿐만 아니라 어떻게 실행되었는지도 드러나 있다. 다양한 형사사법학 이론들을 근거로 어떻게 신노동당에서 청소년 사법제도를 이전의 정책들을 반복하고 있었으며 그 뿐만 아니라 지금까지 청소년 사법제도를 가장 처벌적이며 포풀리즘에 근거한 정책들을 제시했는지에 대해 설명하였다. 청소년 사법제도와 관련하여 신노동당의 새로운 정책이라면 청소년들을 더욱 통제하였고 법적으로 사회적으로, 그리고 복지혜택에서도 소외를 시켰다는 점이다. 법집행 역시 즉각적이고, 날카로우며, 강력한 집행에 기초하였다. 또한, 청소년들의 “건전한 육성”보다는 “적절한 관리”에 집중하였다. 이러한 정책들을 효과적으로 집행하기 위해 범죄에 대한 다자간 협력체라는 이름 아래, 보호관찰관, 사회사업가, 경찰, 마약 및 약물담당공무원, 지역보건위원회에서 추천한 전문가 및 지역교육감이 추천한 전문가 등 최소 6명 이상으로 구성된 팀으로 구성된 소년범대응팀(Youth Offending Team: YOTs)를 신설하고, 지역사회에 기반한 처벌을 통해 청소년들을 처벌적 차원에서 관리해 왔다.

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to challenge the idea that New Labour has actually provided us with this ‘new’ youth justice system. By reviewing various parts of their legislation it have been highlighted numerous continuities between them and previous administrations; these continuities are not only apparent in the nature of the legislation, but also the manner in which they have been implemented. Using various criminal jusitce theories in support, it have been illustrated how the youth justice system under New Labour has not only hijacked and regurgitated old policies and initiatives; they have actually directed the youth justice system down an even more punitive and populist-driven route than ever before. As a result the only thing that is actually new in relation to their youth justice system, is the increased control over the youth population, the increased legal and social exclusion of these people and a concerning deficiency in welfare provisions. Law enforcement was also based on immediate and sharp execution, and offered shock treatment. Further, "adequate management" of youth was more important than "healthy growth". In order to effectively execute above policies, at least six professionals such as probation officers, social service, police officers, drug control officers, and other professionals participated in a team called, Youth Offending Team(YOTs), which was created to offer community based punishment.

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Youth Offending Teams in the Socio-political History of British Youth Justice: Lessons for Youth Justice Reform in South Korea최관, 박현호, Cole, A. Bankole경찰대학 · 경찰학연구2008 · 제8권 제2호영국 경찰의 소년 다이버전 정책에 관한 연구조윤오경찰대학 · 경찰학연구2012 · 제12권 제3호Rethinking of Youth Crime Policies on the Lives of Juveniles in Britain최관, 이주락EU연구소 · EU연구2014 · 제37호영국 소년사법제도의 검토 및 소년범죄 시사점김남희한국소년정책학회 · 소년보호연구2024 · 제37권 제1호소년범 재범 억제를 위한 영국의 노력 및 시사점김면기한국소년정책학회 · 소년보호연구2019 · 제32권 제1호영국 소년사법제도의 최근 동향이승현한국소년정책학회 · 소년보호연구2012 · 제18권

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