원묘 요세의 비명(碑銘)에 내재된 사상 연구

Abstract

The current study aims to study the ideology of Wonmyo Yose(了世, 1163~1245) expressed in this epitaph who revived Cheontaejong in the middle of the Goryeo Dynasty. Although it contains rich ideas and their background, it has been considered a limited material as an epitaph. The epitaph contains a series of Yose's achievement, further it also delicately describes the background of the Tientai and formation of Bohyeondoryang[Baekryeongyeolsa] of Cheontaejong. The Tientai ideology of Yose is often compared with that of Uicheon while showing significant differences from that of Jinul. Nevertheless, Yose's idelogy has not been focused properly because of insufficient materials. It was not easy to draw his ideology on the basis of only one epitaph. In particular, his book Cheontaesamdaebujeolyo(三大部節要) has not been discovered and related materials are not enough. Accordingly, the only thing for studying his ideology is what is written in the epitaph. However, in spite of poor materials, there are a lot of phrases for studying his ideology. Yose's pupils explicitly arranges his accomplishment and his ideology was sufficiently conveyed through this. His ideological characteristics can be summarized in the following five aspects. Firstly, he joined Buddhism at the age of 12 and passed the Cheontaegwo examination. Later, he devoted himself to studying Cheontaejong and giving lectures, therefore, he was very famous in the religious society. Secondly, although he was persuaded by Jinul to participate in Gongsan Hoebulgab Jeonghyegyeolsa, he clearly recognized differences between the Tientai ideology and the Seon and the Hwaeom ideology. Thirdly, since he realized while reading Myojong, he often read it or gave related lectures. Myojong, also known as Gwanmuryangsugyeongsomyojongcho, was written by Jirye who revived Cheontaejong of the Song Dynasty. The book claimed that the Tientai ideology is extremely different from the Zen or the Hwaeom ideology. Fourthly, he organized Bohyeondoryang on the basis of Beophwasammaechamui established by Chi-i, and maintained a penitential life together with the public. Fifthly, Yose prayed Jeongtogusang and aimed Yusim[Jeongsim(定心)]jeongto. Choi Ja, a civil minister of that times, wrote the epitaph and his pupils provided the accomplishment material. Therefore, things written in the epitaph enable to study his ideology and ideological background, and provide a lot of clues to Cheontae history in the latter half of the Goryeo Dynasty.