통도사(通度寺) 환성지안(喚醒志安)의 선시(禪詩) 연구

Abstract

This study presents an investigation into the Zen poetry of Hwanseong Jian that stayed at Tongdosa in the second half of Joseon to reconstruct his death, reaffirm his stay at Tongdosa, and examine the characteristics and significance of his Zen poems. The study made a further step from the previous studies that reported that Hwanseong died a martyr, getting involved in Lee In-jwa's Revolt after promoting the Zen style and serving as the Jongju of Buddhist writings. The study found that the primary cause of his death was a calumny by some Buddhist monks. His calumny was because he put an emphasis on the selfpurification of the Buddhist community and the realization of youngerstudents rather than exchanges with the nobility due to his Gyeolsunmujap character. The fact that his poems were followed by most Buddhist monks was understood in the same context. It is thus more valid that his death should be considered as the death of a martyr to spread Buddhist teachings as the Daejongjang of Zen Buddhism in the political situations in early Joseon when Buddhism was persecuted. It was reconstructed that he must have been subjected to the same Seosa and worship as Heoeungdangbowoo in middle Joseon. The study then examined his Zen poems given to Buddhist monks that stayed at Tongdosa and those who were recorded in the Munjeong list as Jeonbeop poems and histwo poemsinscribed on the signboard ofBaekryeonam at Tongdosa and his poems that he cited in the Gyeongsang region as Yuhaeng poems. He wrote Jeonbeop poems to promote the realization of his pupils. In his Jeonbeop poems, he used topics as poetic words and presented a typical Gyeokui poem form as he enjoyed writing a quatrain with five Chinese characters in each line. The study also estimated his influences on Tongdosa based on these poems. His whereabouts in the Gyeongsang region can be tracked with his Yuhaeng poems. His two poems inscribed on the signboard of Tongdosa, in particular, indicate that they were written at theBuddhist temple. One ofthe characteristics of these poems is that the Sichuihwa of Seonchui. In these poems, he sought after Cheongsi whose sentiment was Han. Furthermore, the study found that his aesthetics of realistic expressions and his viewpoint of poetry based on Cheongiron had certain impacts on the direction and horizon of Zen poetry in the history of itsliterature, thus granting some significance to his Zen poetry.