본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

의미 투명성이 단어 학습에 미치는 영향: 사건관련전위 연구

Semantic transparency effects in the learning of new words: An ERP study

0

조회

0

다운로드

5

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

주제분류인지과학

초록

새로운 한자합성어의 학습에서 의미 투명성의 효과를 행동 실험과 ERP 실험을 통해 조사하였다. 참가자들은 구성형태소와 단어 의미의 관계가 투명한 조건(=투명 신단어)과 불투명한 조건(=불투명 신단어)에서 3회기에 걸쳐 새로운 단어-의미쌍을 학습하였다. 학습 단계에서는 자기 조절 의미 학습 시간과 ERP를 측정하고, 검사 단계에서는 학습한 단어에 대한 어휘판단시간과 의미 회상 점수를 측정하였다. 의미 학습 시간, 어휘판단, 의미 회상 검사 모두에서 의미 투명성의 효과가 유의하게 나타났다. 투명 신단어의 경우, 불투명 신단어에 비해 의미 학습 시간이 더 짧았음에도 불구하고, 어휘판단이 더 정확하고 빨랐으며, 의미 회상 검사 수행이 더 좋았다. 의미 투명성 효과는 ERP의 N400 성분의 진폭에서도 나타났다. 단어 의미가 투명한 조건에 비해 불투명한 조건에서의 N400 진폭이 더 컸다. 본 연구의 결과는 단어 재인 연구에서 발견된 의미 투명성 효과가 단어 학습에서도 나타남을 보여주며, 이는 단어 학습에서 형태소 정보가 중요한 역할을 한다는 것을 시사한다.

Abstract

The present study investigates the effects of semantic transparency on the learning of new words using both behavioral measures and event-related brain potentials. Participants studied novel words with either semantically transparent or opaque definitions while their brain potentials were recorded. Learning performance was assessed with both a lexical decision task and a recall test. The results indicated that transparent novel words were easier to learn than opaque words. More specifically, self-paced learning times were shorter for transparent novel words across three study sessions. Transparent words also elicited reduced N400s compared with opaque words in all sessions. Moreover, lexical decisions to both learned novel words and real words were faster and more accurate within the transparent condition compared to the opaque condition. These results suggest that semantic transparency also plays an important role within word learning, just as within word recognition, further supporting the notion that morphological information is critical within lexical processing.

참고문헌 (43)

  1. 국립국어연구원, "표준국어대사전" (1999), 두산동아
  2. 김한샘, "현대국어사용빈도조사2" (2005), 국립국어원
  3. 초등학교 교과서 한자어 및 한자 분석 연구, "민현식", 국립국어연구원, ~ (2003)
  4. 배성봉, "한국어 단어 재인에서 표기 음절과 음운 음절의 처리", 한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물, 22(3), pp.369~385 (2010), 한국인지및생물심리학회[DOI]
  5. 배성봉, "새로운 단어의 학습에서 형태소 처리의 영향: 개인차 연구", 인지과학, 27(2), pp.303~323 (2016), 한국인지과학회
  6. 배성봉, "한자어 인지와 학습에서 의미투명성의 효과", 교육심리연구, 26(2), pp.607~620 (2012), 한국교육심리학회[DOI]
  7. 이광오, "한국어 음절의 표기빈도와 형태소빈도가 단어인지에 미치는 효과", 인지과학, 20(3), pp.309~333 (2009), 한국인지과학회[DOI]
  8. 이광오, "한글단어의 인지과정에서 형태소 정보처리", 한국심리학회지: 실험 및 인지, 11, pp.77~91 (1999)
  9. 이광오, "표기 체계와 시각적 단어 인지:한자어의 인지에서 형태소의 표상과 처리", 한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물, 19(4), pp.313~327 (2007), 한국인지및생물심리학회[DOI]
  10. Anglin, J. M., "Vocabulary development: A morphological analysis", Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 58, pp.1~166 (1993)
  11. Balass, M., "Word learning: An ERP investigation of word experience effects on recognition and word processing", Contemporary Educational Psychology, 35, pp.126~140 (2010)
  12. Berninger, V. W., "Growth in phonological, orthographic, and morphological awareness in grades 1 to 6", Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 39, pp.141~163 (2010)
  13. Bolger, D. J., "Context variation and definitions in learning the meanings of words: An instance-based learning approach", Discourse Processes, 45, pp.122~159 (2008)
  14. Borovsky, A., "Once is enough: N400 indexes semantic integration of novel word meanings from a single exposure in context", Language Learning and Development, 8, pp.278~302 (2012)
  15. Borovsky, A., "Learning to use words: Event-related potentials index single-shot contextual word learning", Cognition, 116, pp.289~296 (2010)
  16. Brusnighan, S. M., "Combining contextual and morphemic cues is beneficial during incidental vocabulary acquisition: Semantic transparency in novel compound word processing", Reading Research Quarterly, 47, pp.172~190 (2012)
  17. Carlisle, J. F., "Awareness of the structure and meaning of morphologically complex words: Impact on reading", Reading and Writing, 12, pp.169~190 (2000)
  18. Carlisle, J. F., "Morphology matters in learning to read: A commentary", Reading Psychology, 24, pp.291~322 (2003)
  19. Carlisle, J. F., "Morphological Aspects of Language Processing", pp.189~209 (1995), Erlbaum
  20. Coulson, S., "Right hemisphere sensitivity to word-and sentence-level context: evidence from event-related brain potentials", Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 31, pp.129~ (2005)
  21. de Groot, A., "What is hard to learn is easy to forget: The roles of word concreteness, cognate status, and word frequency in foreign-language vocabulary learning and forgetting", Language Learning, 50, pp.1~56 (2000)
  22. Frishkoff, G. A., "Lexical quality in the brain: ERP evidence for robust word learning from context", Developmental Neuropsychology, 35, pp.376~403 (2010)
  23. Hill, H., "SOA-dependent N400 and P300 semantic priming effects using pseudoword primes and a delayed lexical decision", International Journal of Psychophysiology, 56, pp.209~221 (2005)
  24. Holcomb, P. J., "Natural speech processing: An analysis using event-related brain potentials", Psychobiology, 19, pp.286~300 (1991)
  25. Hurry, J., "Transforming research on morphology into teacher practice", Research Papers in Education, 20, pp.187~206 (2005)
  26. Jarema, G., "The Representation and Processing of Compound Words", pp.45~70 (2006), Oxford University Press
  27. Kirby, J. R., "Children’s morphological awareness and reading ability", Reading and Writing, 25, pp.389~410 (2012)
  28. Kuo, L. J., "Morphological awareness and learning to read: A cross-language perspective", Educational Psychologist, 41, pp.161~180 (2006)
  29. Kutas, M., "Electrophysiology reveals semantic memory use in language comprehension", Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 4, pp.463~470 (2000)
  30. Kutas, M., "Event-related brain potentials to semantically inappropriate and surprisingly large words", Biological Psychology, 11, pp.99~116 (1980)
  31. Lau, E. F., "Dissociating N400 effects of prediction from association in single-word contexts", Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 25, pp.484~502 (2013)
  32. Libben, G., "Semantic transparency in the processing of compounds: Consequences for representation, processing, and impairment", Brain and Language, 61, pp.30~44 (1998)
  33. Libben, G., "The Representation and Processing of Compound Words", pp.1~22 (2006), Oxford University Press
  34. Martin-Loeches, M., "An early electrophysiological sign of semantic processing in basal extrastriate areas", Psychophysiology, 38, pp.114~124 (2001)
  35. McBride-Chang, C., "Changing models across cultures: Associations of phonological awareness and morphological structure awareness with vocabulary and word recognition in second graders from Beijing, Hong Kong, Korea, and the United States", Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 92, pp.140~160 (2005)
  36. Mestres-Missé, A., "Watching the brain during meaning acquisition", Cerebral Cortex, 17, pp.1858~1866 (2007)
  37. Myers, J., "The Representation and Processing of Compound Words", pp.169~196 (2006), Oxford University Press
  38. Nagy, W. E., "Learning word meanings from context during normal reading", American Educational Research Journal, 24, pp.237~270 (1987)
  39. Nagy, W., "Morphological families in the internal lexicon", Reading Research Quarterly, pp.262~282 (1989)
  40. Perfetti, C. A., "Word learning and individual differences in word learning reflected in event-related potentials", Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 31, pp.1281~ (2005)
  41. Sandra, D., "On the representation and processing of compound words: Automatic access to constituent morphemes does not occur", The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 42, pp.529~567 (1990)
  42. Smith, E. R., "Hemispheric contributions to semantic activation: A divided visual field and event-related potential investigation of time-course", Brain Research, 1284, pp.125~144 (2009)
  43. Tong, X., "Morphological awareness: A key to understanding poor reading comprehension in English", Journal of Educational Psychology, 103, pp.523~ (2011)

관련 논문AI추천

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (5건)