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의미 및 철자 정보와 구분되는 한국어 고유 접두사의 형태소 ERP 지표

ERP indices of Korean derivational prefix morphemes separated from the semantic and orthographic information

남기춘|강진원|남수린|임희석
한국인지및생물심리학회 (Korean Society For Cognitive and Biological Psychology)|2016.07|한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물 (Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology)|제28권 제3호|pp. 409-430|DOI 10.22172/cogbio.2016.28.3.002

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참고문헌

키워드

사건관련전위형태소 처리파생 명사한국어 고유 접두어cmorphological processingderived nounKorean prefixed wordERPs
주제분류심리과학

초록

형태소는 의미, 철자 혹은 음운 성분과 혼합되어 있다. 본 연구는 의미와 철자 성분과는 다른 형태소만의 독립적인 사건 관련 전위(ERPs, event-related potentials)의 점화 패턴 지표를 확인하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여, 점화 자극과 목표 자극의 관련성에 따라 한국어 고유 접두 파생 명사에 대한 형태소 공유(예. 날계란-날고기), 의미 공유(예. 번데기-애벌레), 철자 공유(예. 통신기-통나무), 무관련(예. 광역시-개죽음) 조건의 자극 쌍을 구성하였으며, 57ms의 자극 개시 간격(SOA, Stimulus Onset Asynchrony)으로 차폐 점화 어휘 판단 과제(Masked Priming Lexical Decision Task)를 시행하였다. 행동 실험 결과에서는 형태소만의 유의미한 촉진적 점화가 관찰되었으며, 사건 관련 전위는 점화 특성에 따라 세 구간(N250, N400, P600)을 중심으로 측정되었다. N250에서는 형태소와, 의미, 철자의 정적 점화 효과가 모두 유의하였으며, 그 중 형태소의 정적 점화가 가장 크게 나타났다. N400에서는 형태소가 의미 점화 패턴과 유사하였으나, 유의미한 정적 점화 효과는 형태소 조건에서 명확하게 나타났다. 한편, P600에서는 의미와 철자, 무관련 조건과는 독립된 형태소만의 부적 점화 효과가 관찰되었다. 실험 결과를 종합해 볼 때, 형태소는 단어 재인 초기부터 후기까지의 요인별 세 단계의 계열적 정보 처리를 담당하는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 형태소의 철자와 의미 정보 처리가 단어 재인 초기인 N250과 N400에서 영향을 미치고 있으며, 후기에는 파생어 정보 및 문법 정보와 같은 형태소 고유의 재처리 과정이 P600에서 일어나고 있음을 시사한다.

Abstract

Morphemes are combinations of meanings, grammatical information, and linguistic forms like orthographic and phonological components. This study aims to verify the priming pattern index of morpheme-specific independent Event-related potentials(ERPs), which differ from semantic and orthographic components. We conducted a priming lexical decision study comparing a morphologically related(e.g. 날계란-날고기), semantically related(e.g. 번데기-애벌레), orthographically related(e.g. 통신기-통나무) and unrelated control condition(e. g. 광역시-개죽음) with 57ms SOA(Stimulus Onset Asynchrony). The behavioral data showed the facilitatory priming effect only in the morphologically related condition, but not in the semantically and orthographically related conditions. In comparison with the unrelated condition, N250, N400, and P600 components were indicated significant in the ERP data. For the N250 ERP component, all three related primes produced a significantly less negative amplitude compared to the ones from unrelated primes. Moreover, the morphologically related primes caused the least negativity. For the N400 ERP component, the morphologically related condition had shown similar aspects as the semantically related condition. However, the morphologically related condition showed only meaningful amplitude difference clearly compared to the unrelated condition. In the case of the P600 ERP component, the morphologically related condition presented a contrast to semantically, orthographically, and unrelated conditions. Overall, it appeared that there had been three information processing steps in the morphological processing. This result implicates that the semantic and orthographic components of the morphemes occur in the early processes, including N250 and N400, and the other components, such as derivational and other grammatical information; these are reflected in the late process of P600.

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