반복적 부정사고의 가능한 발생 기원과 완화 요인
Possible Origins and Mitigating Factor of Repetitive Negative Thinking Behavior d
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초록
본 연구는 다양한 병리의 인지적 취약성인 반복적 부정사고(Repetitive Negative Thinking: RNT)는 어디서 생기며, 어떻게 완화될 수 있는지를 탐색하고자 했다. RNT의 발생에 선행하는 요인 중 하나가 정서적 억제이며, 마음챙김이 그 완화 요인으로 작용함이 이미 밝혀진 바 있다. 본 연구는 RNT의 기점으로서 정서의 차단과 억제를 넘어서 애착의 역할을 알아보고, 다측면적 개념인 마음챙김 중 어떤 성분이 RNT의 완화에 기여하는지를 명료화하고자 했다. 이를 위해 애착 회피에서 출발해 정서 교류의 차단과 회피를 거치면서 발생한 RNT가 우울과 불안 등 정서장애에 이르는 과정을 마음챙김의 핵심성분인 탈중심화가 완화하는지를 검증하고자 했다. 성인 363명을 대상으로 성인애착을 측정하는 한국판 친밀관계 경험척도(K-ECRS), 정서적 회피를 평가하는 한국판 자기분화 척도(K-DSI), 한국형 지속적 사고질문지(K-PTQ), 통합적 한국판 역학연구 우울척도(CES-D), 한국판 자가평가 불안척도(SAS), 그리고 탈중심화를 측정하는 경험질문지(EQ) 등을 실시했다. 그 결과, 가설대로 애착회피가 정서적 회피와 RNT를 순차적으로 경유해 우울에 이르는 직렬매개효과와, 이에 대한 탈중심화의 조절된 직렬매개효과가 각각 유의했다. 불안을 종속측정치로 한 분석에서도 동일한 효과가 모두 지지되었다. 이는 회피애착을 가진 사람이 조절전략으로 가까운 관계에서 정서적 표현과 교류를 차단하고 피하면, 역설적으로 내적인 사고 활동인 RNT가 활성화되어 우울, 불안 등 정서장애로 이어질 수 있으되, 이러한 병리화 과정을 탈중심화가 완화할 수 있음을 시사한다. RNT가 병리로 이어지는 기제를 차단할 수 있는 탈중심화 개입과 각 변인에 대한 치료적 개입의 시사점을 제시하였으며, 본 연구의 한계와 미래 연구의 방향에 대해 논의하였다.
Abstract
This study aims to explore where repetitive negative thinking (RNT), a cognitive vulnerability resulting from various pathologies, and looks at different strategies to alleviate the condition. Other studies have found that emotional inhibition is a dondition which precedes the occurrence of RNT, and mindfulness acts as mitigating factor. in this study, we investigated both the role of attachment beyond emotional suppression as the starting point of RNT, and studied which specific components of mindfulness, a multi-faceted construct, contribute to decrease RNT. Korean versions of the Intimacy Experience Scale in Adult Attachment, Korean versions of Self-differentiation Scale for Emotional Avoidance, Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Self-assessment Anxiety Scale, and Experience Questionnaire were administered to a group 353 adults. As assumed, the indirect effect of avoidant attachment, leading to depression through emotional avoidance and RNT, was significant and the moderating effect of decentering upon this serial indirect effect measured as significant as well. Moreover, the same effects were observed in an analysis where anxiety was the dependent measure. These findings suggest that if a person with avoidant attachment selects emotional avoidance as a control strategy, paradoxical activation of RNT can occur, leading to emotional disorders such as depression and anxiety, and that decentering may alleviate these pathological processes. Furthermore, the implications of the finding show that decentering interventions and therapeutic intervention for each variable may sever the relationship between RNT and pathological conditions. Lastly, this study concludes with a discussion of the limitations of the study and directions for future research.
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