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불확실성에 대한 인내력 부족과 완벽주의가 걱정에 미치는 영향: 인지적 회피의 매개효과를 중심으로

The Effects of Intolerance of Uncertainty and Perfectionism on Worry: The Mediating Effects of Cognitive Avoidance

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주제분류심리과학

초록

본 연구는 심리적인 불편감을 유발한다고 알려진 걱정과 관련된 여러 변인에 대해 살펴보았다. 기존에는 불확실성에 대한 인내력 부족이 인지적 회피를 거쳐 걱정을 유발한다는 점이 검증된 바 있는데, 본 연구에서는 완벽주의를 예측변인으로 추가하여 걱정이 유발되는 경로를 보다 정교하게 설명하였다. 본 연구는 대학생 455명(남성 98명, 여성 357명)을 대상으로 불확실성에 대한 인내력 부족, 완벽주의, 인지적 회피와 걱정에 대한 자기 보고식 질문지에 응답하도록 하였다. 구조방정식모형 검증 결과, 불확실성에 대한 인내력 부족과 완벽주의와의 상관이 유의하였다. 또한 불확실성에 대한 인내력 부족과 걱정과의 관계에서 인지적 회피가 매개효과를 지니는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 완벽주의와 걱정 간의 관계에서 인지적 회피의 매개효과는 유의하지 않았는데, 완벽주의의 하위요인 중 자기지향적 완벽주의만이 인지적 회피를 거쳐 걱정을 유의하게 예측하였다. 이로 볼 때, 걱정이 높은 사람들을 대상으로 불확실성에 대한 인내력과 자기지향적 완벽주의에 초점을 두어 예방적 개입을 진행하는 것이 유용할 수 있겠다. 추가적인 본 연구의 의의와 한계점에 대해서도 논의하였다.

Abstract

This study explored several variables that predict worry related to psychological distress. Previous research has been proven the contribution towards intolerance of uncertainty to worry, with cognitive avoidance as a mediator of those processes. To clarify the relationships, we added perfectionism as a predictor. A total of 455 undergraduate students that completed the set of questionnaires assessing intolerance of uncertainty, perfectionism, cognitive avoidance and worry. Conducting a structural equation modeling, intolerance of uncertainty and perfectionism correlated each other. Additionally, cognitive avoidance partially mediated the effect of intolerance of uncertainty on worry, whereas the mediation effect of cognitive avoidance on the relationship between perfectionism and worry was insignificant. Examining the effects of perfectionism sub-factors, only self-oriented perfectionism predicted worry via their effects on cognitive avoidance. These findings suggest that intolerance of uncertainty and self-oriented perfectionism may be promising targets for early intervention of worry. Additional implications and limitations were also discussed.

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