Validation of the Korean Version of the Awareness of Age-Related Change (AARC) Questionnaire in a Sample of Middle-aged and Older Adults
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Subjective aging, which refers to the attitudes and awareness of aging, has a significant impact on health, well-being, and mortality in later life. Among several tools that measure subjective aging, the Awareness of Age-Related Change (AARC) Questionnaire, which is the most recently developed, measures how an individual's awareness of aging in various areas of behavior results in their awareness of age-related gains and losses. This study aimed to validate the Korean version of the AARC (K-AARC) in the Korean population aged 40 and above. A total of 411 adults (aged 40-87 years) completed a survey on AARC, felt age, attitudes toward own aging, self-perceptions of aging, subjective well-being and Age Stereotypes scale. Exploratory factor analysis identified a two-factor structure (AARC gains and AARC losses), which was closely resembled the original model shown by Brothers et al. (2019). Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the two-factor structure of the AARC was similar to the original AARC, except for the Physical Health domain from the AARC gains, which was positively correlated with the AARC losses. Adequate convergent validity was demonstrated by significant correlations between the AARC and felt age, attitudes toward own aging, self-perceptions of aging and subjective well-being. The relationship between the AARC and Age Stereotypes scales was also significant but small, providing evidence for divergent validity. The results support the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the AARC as a useful tool to capture adults' positive and negative subjective aging experiences.
Abstract
Subjective aging, which refers to the attitudes and awareness of aging, has a significant impact on health, well-being, and mortality in later life. Among several tools that measure subjective aging, the Awareness of Age-Related Change (AARC) Questionnaire, which is the most recently developed, measures how an individual's awareness of aging in various areas of behavior results in their awareness of age-related gains and losses. This study aimed to validate the Korean version of the AARC (K-AARC) in the Korean population aged 40 and above. A total of 411 adults (aged 40-87 years) completed a survey on AARC, felt age, attitudes toward own aging, self-perceptions of aging, subjective well-being and Age Stereotypes scale. Exploratory factor analysis identified a two-factor structure (AARC gains and AARC losses), which was closely resembled the original model shown by Brothers et al. (2019). Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the two-factor structure of the AARC was similar to the original AARC, except for the Physical Health domain from the AARC gains, which was positively correlated with the AARC losses. Adequate convergent validity was demonstrated by significant correlations between the AARC and felt age, attitudes toward own aging, self-perceptions of aging and subjective well-being. The relationship between the AARC and Age Stereotypes scales was also significant but small, providing evidence for divergent validity. The results support the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the AARC as a useful tool to capture adults' positive and negative subjective aging experiences.
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