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빈곤누적위험이 청소년의 자살생각에 미치는 영향:긍정적 양육행동의 조절효과

The Association between Poverty-Related Cumulative Risk and Suicidal Ideation among Adolescents: Positive Parenting Behavior as a Moderator

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주제분류심리과학

초록

본 연구는 빈곤이 청소년의 자살생각에 미치는 영향을 확인하고, 그 경로가 부모의 긍정적 양육행동에 따라 달라지는지 알아보고자 하였다. 이때 빈곤의 측정에 있어 누적위험모델(cumulative risk model)을 적용하여 청소년의 자살생각에 대한 빈곤의 영향을 보다 통합적으로 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 7차년도 한국복지패널조사(Korea Welfare Panel Study) 자료를 분석하였으며, 조사에 참여한 가구주와 16~19세의 청소년 506명(여자 245명, 남자 261명)의 자료가 분석에 활용되었다. 빈곤누적위험은 가구주의 교육수준, 직업 상태, 주거 적절성 및 가족 갈등에 대한 가구주의 응답을 기반으로 산출되었다. 위계적 회귀분석과 SPSS Process Macro를 사용하여 분석한 결과, 빈곤누적위험과 청소년의 자살생각 간의 유의한 정적 관계가 나타났다. 또한, 긍정적 양육행동 점수가 낮을수록 청소년의 자살생각에 대한 빈곤누적위험의 영향이 유의하게 높았다. 본 연구는 빈곤 환경에 처한 청소년들의 자살생각에 영향을 미치는 기제를 확인하였다는 학술적 의의가 있으며, 긍정적 양육행동 증진이 효과적인 개입 방안이 될 수 있음을 시사한다.

Abstract

We examined whether poverty-related cumulative risk, a composite measure of risk factors associated with poverty, predicts suicidal ideation among adolescents and whether positive parenting style moderates this relationship. We used the 7th wave of the Korea Welfare Panel Study (KoWEPS) data collected by the Korean Institute for Health and Social Affairs. The study involved personal interviews with 506 adolescents (245 females, 261 males) and their families. The head of the household provided information on the householders’ educational attainment, occupational status, housing quality, and family conflicts, which were used to develop the poverty-related cumulative risk measure. The adolescents provided information on their suicidal ideation and perception of their parents’ parenting style. Results of hierarchical multiple regression and Process Macro demonstrated a significant positive association between poverty-related cumulative risk and adolescents’ suicidal ideation. Additionally, we found that positive parenting moderates the relationship between poverty-related cumulative risk and suicidal ideation. Specifically, we found that adolescents who perceived low levels of positive parenting were more likely to have higher suicidal ideation. Our findings have clinical implications for the effective and early identification and prevention of suicidal ideation among adolescents.

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