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대학생의 충동성과 도박 심각도 간의 관계: 상대적 박탈감으로 조절된 의사결정 능력의 매개효과

The Relationship Between Impulsivity and Gambling Severity of University Students: Mediation Effect of Decision-making Ability Moderated by Feeling of Relative Deprivation

하창현|신민철
한국건강심리학회 (Korean Health Psychological Association)|2024.01|한국심리학회지: 건강 (Korean Journal of Health Psychology)|제29권 제1호|pp. 37-63|DOI 10.17315/kjhp.2024.29.1.003

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참고문헌

키워드

충동성Impulsiveness상대적 박탈감Decision-making의사결정 능력도박 심각도Gambling SeverityFeeling of Relative Deprivation
주제분류심리과학

초록

본 연구에서는 충동성이 높은 사람들은 도박 심각도가 높을 것이며, 이러한 관계는 낮은 의사결정 능력에 의해 매개될 것이라는 가설을 세워 검증하였다. 또한 충동성이 의사결정 능력을 통해 도박 심각도에 미치는 영향이 개인이 느끼는 상대적 박탈감의 수준에 따라 달라지는지를 검증하였다. 본 연구에서 참가자들은 의사결정 능력 과제를 수행한 후, 충동성, 도박 심각도, 상대적 박탈감 문항 및 인구통계학적 문항들에 답하였다. 충동성의 각 하위 요인들(긴급성, 계획성 부족, 지속성 부족, 감각 추구)이 의사결정 능력을 통해 도박 심각도를 예측하는지를 살펴본 결과, 긴급성과 계획성 부족 요인에서만 의사결정 능력을 통해 도박 심각도를 예측하는 것으로 나타났다. 구체적으로, 긴급성과 계획성 부족이 높을수록 의사결정 능력이 낮은 것으로 나타났고 이러한 결과는 최종적으로 높은 도박 심각도를 예측하였다. 다음으로, 충동성의 각 하위 요인과 도박 심각도 간의 관계에서 의사결정 능력의 매개효과가 상대적 박탈감에 의해 조절되는지를 조절된 매개효과 분석을 통해 확인하였다. 그 결과, 높은 긴급성과 높은 계획성 부족이 낮은 의사결정 능력을 통해 높은 도박 심각도를 예측하는 매개효과가 상대적 박탈감을 적게 느끼는 대상들에서는 유의하지 않았다. 반면, 평균적으로 또는 많이 느끼는 대상들에게서만 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 충동성의 하위 요인과 의사결정 능력, 도박 심각도 간의 관계에서 상대적 박탈감의 영향을 확인하였고 대학생의 도박 문제와 관련있는 충동성에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 확인하였다는 점에 의의가 있다.

Abstract

In this study, we examined whether individuals with higher levels of impulsivity have greater gambling severity and whether the relationship is mediated by a deficit of decision-making ability. In addition, we investigated whether the impact of impulsivity on gambling severity through decision-making ability varies depending on the level of feeling of relative deprivation. Participants completed a decision-making task and then answered questions about impulsivity, gambling severity, feelings of relative deprivation, and demographic information. We analyzed whether each subfactor of impulsivity (urgency, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance, sensation seeking) predicts gambling severity through decision-making ability. We found that only urgency and lack of premeditation subfactors predicted gambling severity through decision-making ability. Higher levels of urgency and lack of premeditation were associated with lower decision-making ability and lower decision-making ability predicted higher gambling severity. We also examined whether the mediating effect of decision-making ability on the relationship between each subfactor of impulsivity and gambling severity is moderated by feelings of relative deprivation. The results of moderated mediation analysis revealed that the mediation effect, predicting higher gambling severity through lower decision-making ability for individuals with high urgency and high lack of premeditation, was significant among those with higher or average levels of feeling of relative deprivation, but not among those with lower levels. This study results suggest the influence of feeling of relative deprivation on the relationship between subfactors of impulsivity and decision-making ability, and gambling severity among university students.

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