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주관적 인지 저하 노인들의 얼굴 표정에 대한 재인기억: 정상 노인, 경도인지장애 환자와의 비교

Recognition Memory of Facial Expressions of Subjective Cognitive Decline Elderly: A Comparison with Normal Elderly and Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment

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키워드

주제분류심리과학

초록

본 연구는 주관적 인지 저하 노인에게 정서가가 담긴 얼굴 표정을 제시하였을 때 재인기억에서 어떠한 차이가 나타나는지를 경도인지장애 환자 및 정상 노인과 비교하여 확인하고자 하였다. 이를 위해, 경상남도에 거주 중인 정상 노인 20명, 종합병원에 내원한 경도인지장애 환자 20명, 주관적 인지 저하 노인 20명을 신경심리검사 및 다양한 척도를 사용하여 선별하였다. 선발된 실험 참여자들에게 정서가가 담긴 얼굴 표정(긍정, 부정, 중립)을 사용한 재인기억과제를 실시하였고 정서가에 따른 기억의 정확도를 측정하였다. 그 결과, 주관적 인지 저하 노인집단은 정상 노인집단보다 긍정 얼굴 표정을 더 잘 기억하지 못하였고, 경도인지장애 환자보다 긍정, 부정, 중립 얼굴 표정을 더 잘 기억하였다. 또, 주관적 인지 저하 노인집단은 부정 얼굴 표정을 긍정, 중립 얼굴 표정보다 더 잘 기억하였고, 정상 노인집단은 긍정 얼굴 표정을 부정, 중립 얼굴 표정보다 더 잘 기억하였다. 경도인지장애 집단은 정서가에 따른 차이가 유의미하게 나타나지 않았다. 본 연구의 결과는 주관적 인지 저하 노인의 정서 조절 능력이 정상 노인보다 손상되었음을 시사한다. 따라서, 객관적인 인지기능 검사에서 정상 범주에 속하더라도 주관적인 인지기능 저하를 경험하는 개인에 대한 조기개입이 필요하겠다.

Abstract

This study aimed to determine differences in emotional facial expression in the elderly with subjective cognitive decline compared to mild cognitive impairment and normal elderly people. For this purpose, 20 normal elderly people living in Gyeongsangnam-do (Korea), 20 mild cognitive impairment patients visiting general hospitals, and 20 subjective cognitive decline elderly people were selected using neuropsychological tests and various scales. These selected participants were subjected to a recognition memory task using facial expressions containing emotions (positive, negative, and neutral). Accuracy of memory according to emotional value was measured. As a result, subjective in the elderly group with subjective cognitive decline did not remember positive facial expressions better than patients with mild cognitive impairment. In addition, the elderly group with subjective cognitive decline remember negative facial expressions better than positive and neutral factial expressions. The normal elderly group remembered positive facial expressions better than negative and neutral facial expressions. In the group with mild cognitive impairment, there were no significant differences according to emotional value. Results of this study suggest that the elderly with subjective cognitive decline have more impaired emotional regulation ability than the normal elderly. Therefore, early intervention for individuals experiencing subjective cognitive decline is necessary even if they fall into the normal category in the objective cognitive function test.

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