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시민의 매체 이용과 사회적 신뢰 : 매체 이용량 및 패턴을 중심으로

Citizens' Media Use and their Social Trust : Focusing on their Media Use Time and Patterns

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주제분류신문방송학

초록

본 연구는 매체 이용의 두 차원인 이용량과 이용 패턴을 중심으로 시민의 매체 이용과 사회적 신뢰간의 관계를 고찰하고 있다. 특히 본 연구는 매체 이용 패턴에 대해 기존 연구들과 달리, 매체 이용 패턴을 크게 정보 이용과 오락 추구로 구분하고, 각 매체별로 상이한 이용 패턴 집단에서의 사회적 신뢰를 살펴보았다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 먼저, 시민들의 매체 이용량이 그들의 사회적 신뢰에 미치는 영향을 보면, 그들이 신문, 텔레비전, 인터넷을 이용하는데 보내는 시간량은 사회적 신뢰와는 무관한 것으로 나타났다. 대신 여성이거나 연령이 높을수록, 소도시나 농어촌에 거주하는 사람일수록 그리고 자신의 판단에 의해 스스로의 사회적 계층이 높다고 생각하는 사람일수록 일반인에 대한 신뢰가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 매체 이용 패턴에 따른 집단간 사회적 신뢰에 대한 분석결과를 보면, 첫째, 거주지역 변인은 신문 이용 패턴 집단에서만 사회적 신뢰와 유의미한 관계를 보였다. 둘째, 시민들은 자신이 주관적으로 귀속된다고 느끼는 사회적 계층이 높을수록 타인에 대한 신뢰가 높았다. 셋째, 대부분의 매체 이용 패턴 집단에서 매체 이용량은 사회적 신뢰에 거의 영향을 주지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로, 매체 이용 패턴을 고려함에 관계없이, 매체 이용량보다는 인구사회적 요인과 맥락적 요인들이 사회적 신뢰를 예측하는데 더 설명력이 높은 것으로 나타났다.

Abstract

This study examined the relationship of citizens' media use with their trusting attitudes toward other people, focusing on the two dimensions of media use--how much time they spend for the mass media and how they use them. This study identified the two fundamental patterns of media use: ‘information and surveillance’ and ‘entertainment and diversion,’ and tried to explore the social trust in different two pattern-oriented groups of newspaper, television, and the Internet, respectively. Results showed that the total time people have spent for newspaper reading, television watching, and Internet use was not significantly related to their social trust. Rather, Those who was female and old, lived in small cities or country, and thought their subjective social ranks were relatively high had trusting attitudes toward other people. Results from the analysis of social trust according to groups of media-use patterns revealed that, first, people's residence area had a significant link with social trust only for the groups of newspaper-use patterns. Second, those who subjectively thought themselves in higher social rank were more likely to have trusting attitudes. Third, media-use time had no effects on social trust in almost every group of media-use patterns. Overall, with or without the consideration of the media-use pattern, citizens' socioeconomic status and their contextual factors were more significant predictors to their social trust rather than the total time they have spent for the mass media.

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