퇴직공무원의 자원봉사활동 참여실태와 영향요인 분석
A Study of Retired Civil Servants’ Volunteering Activities and Its Participatory Factors in Korea
0
조회
0
다운로드
11
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
본 연구의 목적은 퇴직공무원들의 자원봉사활동 참여실태 및 영향요인을 분석하여 퇴직공무원들의 자원봉사활동을 활성화하기 위한 정책방안을 제시하는 것이다. 이를 위해 퇴직공무원 387명(자원봉사활동 참여자 188명, 비참여자 199명)을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 공무원 재직 중 자원봉사활동 참여 경험이 있는 퇴직공무원들(74.1%)이 비경험 퇴직공무원들(31.0%)에 비해 자원봉사활동 참여율이 2배 이상 높은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 자원봉사활동 참여 이유로는 남에게 도움이 되기 위해 22.1%, 봉사활동으로 기쁨/만족을 얻기 위해 17.7%, 여가를 보람있게 보내기 위해 17.3%, 공직생활의 지식경험을 활용하기 위해 16.0%의 순으로 나타났다. 셋째, 자원봉사활동이 활성화되지 않는 이유로는 자원봉사활동 홍보 부족 25.8%, 자원봉사자에 대한 조직적인 관리체계 부족 20.7%, 국가와 사회의 자원봉사자에 대한 지원 부족 18.1%의 순으로 나타났다. 넷째, 자원봉사활동을 활성화하기 위해서는 자원봉사 동기부여 강화, 정부지원 강화, 사회적 관심・지지 확대, 자원봉사활동에 대한 정보 제공, 자원봉사활동 프로그램 개발 등이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로, 자원봉사활동 참여에 영향을 미치는 요인으로 퇴직공무원 중 종교활동이 적극적이고, 과거 봉사활동참여 경험이 있고, 여성이고, 대졸이상이고, 퇴직경과연수가 많을수록 자원봉사활동 참여 확률이 높은 것으로 나타났다.
Abstract
etired civil servants (including 188 volunteering participants and 199 non-participants). The summaries of results of this study are as follows. First, retired civil servants going through a experience of volunteering activity in office (74.1%) are more double than retired civil servants not gaining the experience in office (31.0%). Second, the reasons for joining the volunteering activity are to give others helps (22.1%), to get a pleasure and satisfaction (17.7%), to spend a leasure time (17.3%), and to utilize skill and experience of civil servants before(16.0%). Third, the causes not activating their volunteering activities are lack of public relations (25.8%), shortage of the organizational management system (20.7%), and deficiency of support from government and society (18.1%). Fourth, in order to vitalize the volunteering activities there are needed as follows; strength of motivation of volunteering activity, support of government, social support and attention, provision of information in volunteering activity, and development of new volunteering programs. Finally, the factors influencing the participation of volunteering activity are positive religious activity, experience of the past volunteering activity, female, college graduates, and longer passage year number of retirement.
참고문헌 (78)
- 강용규, "노인자원봉사활동의 문제점과 활성화방안에 관한 연구", 한국사회복지지원학회보, 7(1), pp.1~28 (2012)
- 공무원연금공단, "공무원 New Life 생활설계" (2011), 공무원연금공단
- 김영석, "사회조사방법론: SPSS Win 통계분석" (2002), 나남출판
- 김영완, "우리나라 베이비붐 세대의 노후생활 준비 실태에 관한 연구", 석사, 사회복지학, pp.2010
- 노형진, "한글 SPSS 10. 0의 의한 알기 쉬운 다변량분석" (2004), 형설출판사
- 박철민, "퇴직공무원의 자원봉사활동 실태와 만족도 인과구조분석 : 구조방정식모형의 적용을 중심으로", 지방정부연구, 14(3), pp.23~49 (2010), 한국지방정부학회
- 서상범, "노인자원봉사활동과 생활만족도간의 영향분석: 자원봉사활동 관련요인을 중심으로", 21세기사회복지연구, 3(1), pp.157~177 (2006)
- 양기근, "공무원 퇴직관리체계의 구축방안", 한국콘텐츠학회 논문지, 8(12), pp.264~274 (2008), 한국콘텐츠학회
- 이영균, "교원의 정년퇴직에 관한 바람직한 정책방향", 한국공공관리학보, 20(1), pp.73~98 (2006), 한국공공관리학회
- 이현기, "노인자원봉사활동과 사회자본 : 사회자본 효과를 중심으로", 노인복지연구, (50), pp.263~290 (2010), 한국노인복지학회
- 임연옥, "정년퇴직 남성 노인의 자원봉사활동 경험과 그 과정에 관한 연구", 사회복지 실천과 연구, 6, pp.115~152 (2009)
- 퇴직공무원 생활 및 사회활동에 대한 조사, "장호석", 한국행정연구원 사회조사센터, ~ (2012)
- 정원희, "퇴직공무원 경로 관리에 관한 연구: K부처 퇴직공무원 중심으로", 한국국정관리학회보, 16(2), pp.107~128 (2006)
- 정원희, "공무원 퇴직지원정책의 과제", 한국정책분석평가학회 학술대회발표논문집 (2009)
- 퇴직공무원의 사회적 기여 활성화 방안에 관한 연구: 자원봉사활동을 중심으로, "채성준", 한국행정연구원, ~ (2013)
- Anderson, J. C., "The Motivation to Volunteer", Journal of Voluntary Action Research, 7, pp.51~60 (1978)
- Angus, J., "Ageism: A Threat to "aging well" in the 21st century", Journal of Applied Gerontology, 25(2), pp.137~152 (2006)
- Arber, S., "Ageing, Independence and the Lifecourse" (1993), Jessica Kingsley
- Bass, S. A., "Emergence of the Third Age: Toward a Productive Aging Society", Journal of Aging and Society, 11(2), pp.7~17 (2000)
- Bradley, D. B., "Reason to Rise Each Morning: The Meaning of Volunteering in the Lives of Older Adults", Generations, 23(4), pp.45~50 (1999)
- Bull, C. N., "The Older Volunteer: An Annotated Bibliography" (1993), Greenwood
- Callen, J. L., "Money Donations, Volunteering and Organizational Efficiency", The Journal of Productivity Analysis, 5(3), pp.215~228 (1994)
- Caro, F., "A measure of Motivation for Productive Aging", Gerontologist, 44(1), pp.471~ (2004)
- Caro, F. G., "Older and Active: How Americans Over 55 Are Contributing to Society" (1995), Yale University Press
- Caro, F. G., "Receptivity to Volunteering in the Immediate Postretirement Period", The Journal of Applied Gerontology, 16(4), pp.427~441 (1997)
- Chambre, S. M., "Good deeds in Old Age: Volunteering by the New Leisure Class" (1987), Lexington Books
- Clary, E. G., "Volunteers' Motivations: Findings from a National Survey", Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 25(4), pp.485~505 (1996)
- Clary, E. G., "The Motivations to Volunteer: Theoretical and Practical Considerations", Current Directions in Psychological Science, 8(5), pp.156~159 (1999)
- Clary, E. G., "Understanding and Assessing the Motivations of Volunteers: A Functional Approach", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(6), pp.1516~1530 (1998)
- Cnaan, R. A., "Measuring Motivation to Volunteer in Human Services", Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 27(3), pp.269~284 (1991)
- Measuring the Value of Unpaid Household, Caring and Voluntary Work of Older Australians, "De Vaus, D.", Australian Institute of Family Studies, ~, pp.Research Paper 34 (2003)
- Famer, S. M., "Changing the Focus on Volunteering: An Investigation of Volunteers' Multiple Contributions to Charitable Organizations", Journal of Management, 27(2), pp.191~211 (2001)
- Fischer, L. R., "Older Volunteers: A Guide to Research and Practice" (1993), Sage
- Freeman, R. B., "Working for Nothing: The Supply of Volunteer Labor", Journal of Labor Economics, 15(1), pp.S140~S166 (1997)
- Gamm, G., "Patterns of Social Capital: Stability and Change in Historical Perspective", pp.173~220 (1999), Cambridge University Press
- Gidron, B., "Volunteer Work and Its Rewards", Volunteer Administration, 11, pp.18~32 (1978)
- Greenfield, E. A., "Formal Volunteering as a Protective Factor for Older Adults' Psychological Well-being", Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, 59B(5), pp.S258~S264 (2004)
- Goss, K. A., "Volunteering and the Long Civic Generation", Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 28(4), pp.378~415 (1999)
- Grube, J. A., "Role Identitiy, Organizational Experiences, and Volunteer Performance", Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26(9), pp.1108~1119 (2000)
- Haddad, M. A., "Community Determinates of Volunteer Participation and the Promotion of Civic Health: The Case of Japan", Nonprofit and Volunteer Sector Quarterly, 33(3), pp.8~31 (2004)
- Harrison, D. A., "Volunteer Motivation and Attendance Decisions: Competitive theory Testing in Multiple Samples from a Homeless Shelter", Journal of Applied Psychology, 80(3), pp.371~385 (1995)
- Hartenian, L. S., "Nonprofit Agency Dependence on Direct Service and Indirect Support Volunteers: An Empirical Investigation", Nonprofit Management & Leadership, 17(3), pp.319~334 (2007)
- Herzog, A., "Age Differences in Productive Activity", Journal of Gerontology, 44, pp.S129~S138 (1989)
- Hunter, K. I., "Psychosocial Differences Between Elderly Volunteers and Non-Volunteers", International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 12(3), pp.205~213 (1980)
- Independent Sector, "Giving and Volunteering in the United States: Findings from a National Survey" (2001), Author
- Ironmonger, D., "Volunteers and Volunteering", pp.56~72 (2000), Federation Press
- Kemp, R., "Privatization: The Provision of Public Services by The Private Sector" (1991), McFarland
- Kohn, A., "The Brighter Side of Human Nature: Altruism and Empathy in Everyday Life" (1990), Basic Books
- Ladd, E. C., "The Ladd Report" (1999), Free Press
- Lee, L., "Giving Time, Blood, and Money: Differences and Similarities", Social Psychology Quarterly, 62, pp.276~290 (1999)
- Lee, Y., "Behavioral Implications of Public Service Motivation: Volunteering by Public and Nonprofit Employees", The American Review of Public Administration, 42(1), pp.104~121 (2012)
- Lesk, S., "Dependency, Threat, and Helping in a Large City", Journal of Social Psychology, 95, pp.185~186 (1975)
- Lum, T. Y., "The Effects of Volunteering on the Physical and Mental Health of Older People", Research on Aging, 27(1), pp.31~55 (2005)
- Machin, J., "Unraveling the Complexities of Volunteer Management in the Third Sector", Paper Presented at the International Conference of the International Society for Third Sector Research (2008)
- McLennan, J., "I Quit! Leadership and Satisfaction with the Volunteer role: Resignations and Organizational Responses", Paper Presented at the Australian Psychological Society Annual Conference (2008)
- Morrow-Howell, N., "Elderly Volunteers: Resons for Initiating and Terminating Service", Journal of Gerontological Social, 13(3), pp.21~35 (1989)
- Murnighan, J. K., "The Volunteer Dilemma", Administration Science Quarterly, 38, pp.515~538 (1993)
- Musick, M. A., "Volunteering and Depression: The Role of Psychological and Social Resources in Different Age Groups", Social Science & Medicine, 56(2), pp.259~269 (2003)
- Mutchler, J. E., "From Paid Worker to Vo;unteer: Leaving the Paid Workforce and Volunteering in Later Life", Social Forces, 81, pp.1267~1293 (2003)
- Okun, M. A., "The Relation Between Motives for Organizational Volunteering and Frequency of Volunteering by Elders", Journal of Applied Gerontology, 13(2), pp.115~126 (1994)
- Oliver, J. E., "City Size and Civic Involvement in Metropolitan America", American Political Science Review, 94(2), pp.361~373 (2000)
- Omoto, A. N., "Sustained Helping without Obligation: Motivation, Longevity fo Service, and Perceived Attitude Change among AIDS Volunteers", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68, pp.671~686 (1995)
- Piliavin, J. A., "Altruism: A Review of Recent Theory and Research", Annual Review of Sociology, 16, pp.27~65 (1990)
- Putman, R. D., "Bowling alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community" (2000), Simon & Schuster
- Rose, M. W., "Predictors of Dropout and Burnout in AIDS Volunteers: A Longitudinal Study", AIDS Care, 11(6), pp.723~731 (1999)
- Salmon, L. M., "Partners in Public Service: Government-Nonprofit Relations in the Modern Welfare State" (1995), Johns Hopkins University Press
- Skocpol, T., "Diminished Democracy: From Membership to Management in American Civic Life" (2003), University of Oklahoma Press
- Smith D. H., "Determinations of Voluntary Association Participation and Volunteering: A Literature Review", Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 23, pp.243~263 (1994)
- Smith, S. R., "Nonprofits for hire: The Welfare State in the Age of Contracting" (1993), Harvard University Press
- Sokolowski, S. W., "Show Me the Way to the Next Worthy Deed: Towards a Micro-structural Theory of Volunteering and Giving", Voluntas, 7(3), pp.259~278 (1996)
- Steblay, N. M., "Helping Behavior in Rural and Urban Environments: A Meta Analysis", Psychological Bulletin, 102(3), pp.346~356 (1987)
- Van Willigen, M., "Differential Benefits of Volunteering Across the Life Course", Journal of Gerontology Social Sciences, 55B, pp.S308~S318 (2000)
- Warburton, J., "Volunteering as a Productive Aging Activity: Incentives and Barriers to Volunteering by Australian Seniors", Journal of Applied Gerontology, 26(4), pp.333~354 (2007)
- Wilson, J., "Volunteering", Annual Review of Sociology, 26, pp.215~240 (2000)
- Wilson, J., "Who Cares? Toward an Integrated Theory of Volunteer Work", American Sociological Review, 62, pp.694~713 (1997)
- Wuthnow, R., "Lose Connections: Joining Together in America's Fragmented Communities" (1998), Harvard University Press
- Yan, E. C., "The Role of Individual, Interpersonal, and Organizational Factors in Mitigating Burnout among Elderly Chines Volunteers", International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 18(9), pp.795~802 (2003)
- Yanay G. V., "The Decline of Motivation? From Commitment to Dropping Out of Volunteering", Nonprofit Management & Leadership, 19(1), pp.65~78 (2008)
