지역사회 사회적 자본의 주거관련 영향요인에 관한 연구
The Study of Residential Influential Factors on Local Community Social Capital
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본 연구 목적은 지역사회 사회적 자본에 미치는 동네수준과 개인수준의 주거관련 영향요인을 파악하는 것이다. 지역사회 사회적 자본은 지역공동체의식, 이웃과의 유대, 집합적 효능감, 그리고 주민조직 참여의 네 가지 차원으로 분류하였다. 동네수준 주거관련 설명변수로는 주거안정성을 파악하기 위한 장기거주 주민비율, 단독주택 지역 여부, 영구임대아파트 지역 여부를 사용하였다. 개인수준 주거관련 설명변수로는 주택형태(단독주택 거주여부), 주거기간, 주택소유여부를 사용하였다. 실증분석은 대전광역시 소재 29개 동네를 선정하고, 2,879명의 설문자료를 활용해 위계적 선형모형을 적용하여 수행하였다. 분석결과 동네수준에서는 장기거주 주민비율이 집합적 효능감과 관련하여 동네효과가 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. 영구임대아파트 지역 여부는 주민조직 참여를 제외한 3가지 사회적 자본 차원과 관련하여 동네효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 개인수준에서는 주택소유여부와 주거기간이 모든 차원의 사회적 자본에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 단독주택 거주 여부는 주민조직 참여를 제외한 3가지 차원의 사회적 자본에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 결론으로 분석결과를 논의하고 정책적 시사점을 제시하였다.
Abstract
The study aims to identify residential influential factors at individual and neighborhood levels on community social capital. The social capital is classified into four categories: the sense of community, neighboring, collective efficacy and community organization participation. Neighborhood level residential explanatory variables include the long-term neighborhood residents ratio to catch residential stability, confirmation of single family house area as well as permanent rental apartment area. Length of stay, home ownership, and residential type are used ad Individual level explanatory variables. For an empirical study, a hierarchical linear model was applied to the final 2,879 questionnaire survey data collected at 29 neighborhoods in Daejeon Metropolitan City. The result identifies neighborhood effect of long-term resident ratio in terms of collective efficacy. In addition, permanent rental apartment area shows neighborhood effect on the sense of community, neighboring and collective efficacy. At individual level, length of stay and home ownership appear to have significant influence on all categories of social capital. The result also shows that living in single family house significantly influences the sense of community, neighboring and collective efficacy. The discussion of the research results and suggestions are provided as conclusion.
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