스포츠 팬의 행동결정요인에 대한 새로운 이해와 접근 : 스포츠 팬의 호기심을 중심으로
Sport Fan Curiosity: A New Approach to the Understanding of Sport Fan Behavior
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인간의 탐구적 행동은 주어진 자극수준에 따라 크게 영향을 받으며, 이러한 자극수준은 인간의 개별적 특성과 그들이 처한 상황에 따라 다르게 나타난다. 주어진 자극수준에 따른 인간 행동의 변화와, 서로 다른 호기심 하부 구조간의 상관관계는 <그림 2>에 잘 설명되어 있다.일반적으로 심리학뿐만 아니라 경영학 교육학 등, 기타 분야에서 행하여지고 있는 호기심에 대한 연구는 호기심이 인간의 탐구적 행동의 중요한 결정적 요소라는 일관된 결과들을 보여주고 있다(Reio et al., 2006). 즉, 호기심이 높은 사람들은 호기심이 낮은 사람들보다 호기심을 충족시키기 위한 강한 동기부여가 이루어져 있어서, 다양한 인식적, 지적, 감각적 정보들을 획득하는데 적극적 행동들을 보인다는 것이다(Kashdan et al., 2004). 즉, 호기심은 인간의 탐구적 행위에 동기를 부여하여, 각성수준에 영향을 미치는 다양한 종류의 자극을 탐색하도록 돕는, 인간의 기본적 욕구라고 말할 수 있다(Collins, 2000). 따라서 다양한 분야와 환경에서의 인간의 탐구적 행동을 자극하는 호기심의 특성을 미루어 볼 때, 호기심이 스포츠 팬들의 관람이나 구매와 같은 소비행동에도 영향을 미치는 잠재적 중요요인이라고 생각해 볼 수 있다. 예를 들면, 호기심이 높은 스포츠 팬들은 호기심이 낮은 사람들보다 강한 소비 행동적 동기를 가지고 있거나 좀 더 적극적으로 스포츠를 소비하는 행동을 취할 수 있다고 가정할 수 있을 것이다. 그러므로 다음 절에서는 스포츠 환경 내에서의 호기심에 대한 연구현황에 대해 알아보며, 스포츠 환경 내에서의 호기심의 이해를 통해 스포츠 팬의 행동결정에 대한 잠재적 요인으로서의 호기심의 역할과 그 가능성을 조명해 보고자한다.
Abstract
While many prior studies on sport fan behavior have focused on highly identified sport fans, little research has investigated what factors initially attract one to consume sport. Litman and Spielberger (2003) defined curiosity is defined as an intrinsic desire to acquire new informative and sensory experience that motivates exploratory behavior. Similarly, Voss and Keller (1983) also argued that curiosity is an essential prerequisite factor that motivates exploratory behavior. Therefore, it is believed that curiosity offers a new point of view in understanding various sport fan behaviors associated with new stimuli and information that are related to certain sport, sport teams, or player. This study explored the role and concept of curiosity in a sport context in order to introduce new meaningful factor that may initially attract individuals to certain sports, teams, and players and to better understand fan attitudes and behaviors with and through the different point of view.
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