여섯 키워드로 본 독일 엘리트스포츠 시스템에 대한 사적 고찰
A historical review of the six keywords of the german elite sport development
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참고문헌
키워드
초록
[목적] 본 연구는 여섯 가지 키워드를 선정하여 독일의 엘리트스포츠 시스템을 고찰하는데 목적이 있다. [방법] 문헌고찰을 위해 내무부, 독일올림픽체육회, 주체육회 등 체육유관기관들의 보고서를 검토하여 독일의 스포츠정책 및 역사, 사업, 프로그램, 재정 현황 등을 파악하였다. [결론] 독일은 40~50년대 체육유관기관들이 창설되고, 60~90년대까지 시설 및 인프라, 프로젝트, 인력 기반을 강화하였다. 독일은 오랜 역사와 전통이 있는 시스템을 통해 동하계올림픽은 물론 국제대회에서 상위권을 차지하고 있다. 그 중 엘리트스포츠의 핵심인 독일올림픽위원회, 연구원, 올림픽훈련센터, 체육교육기관, 카더시스템, 연방경찰․군인․세관 및 스포츠학교가 바로 대표적인 키워드이다. 독일의 국가대표선수를 지원하기 위해 지역의 올림픽훈련센터가 스포츠과학을 지원하고, 우수선수 선발 및 교육을 위해 스포츠김나지움, 스포츠체육중고등학교, 스포츠엘리트학교, 선수들의 집이 운영되고 있다. 그리고 모든 선수들은 카더시스템에 속하여 그에 준하는 인력․시설․프로그램 지원을 그리고 훈련과 직업을 동시에 병행할 수 있도록 연방경찰․군인․세관으로 유입할 수 있는 시스템이 운영되고 있다.
Abstract
[Purpose] The purpose of this study is to examine the elite sport system in Germany by selecting six keyword. [Methods] In order to review the literature, we reviewed the reports of sports organizations such as the Ministry of the Interior, the Olympic Games of Germany, the Sports Council of Germany, and the German sports policy, history, business, programs and financial status. [Conclusion] In Germany, athletic associations were created in the 40s and 50s and strengthened infrastructure, projects, and workforce infrastructure by the 60s and 90s. Through its long history and tradition, Germany is at the forefront of both the Winter and Sommer Olympics. Among them, the German Olympic Sports Federation, researchers Institute, Olympic training centers, Sports School, Kader-systems and federal police․military․customs are the main keyword of elite sports. In order to support the national players in Germany, the regional Olympic training center supports sports science, sports gymnasium, sports athletic high school, sports elite school, athletes' house are operated for selection and training of excellent athletes. And all the players are in the carder system and there is a system that allows them to enter the federal police, soldiers and customs so that they can support the human resources, facilities and programs as well as train and work at the same time.
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