비선형 주기화 근력 훈련의 적용이 국가대표 크로스컨트리 스키 선수들의 기초 및 전문체력에 미치는 영향
The Effect of Non-linear Periodization Strength Training on Basic and Professional Fitness of National Cross-country Skiers
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[목적] 본 연구의 목적은 비선형 주기화 근력 훈련이 국가대표 크로스컨트리 스키 선수들의 기초 및 전문체력에 미치는 효과를 규명하는 것이다. [방법] 국가대표 크로스컨트리 스키 선수 9명(남자 5, 여자 4)을 대상으로 비선형 주기화 근력 훈련을 적용하여 기초및 전문체력 변화를 관찰하였다. 측정 항목은 신체구성(신장, 체중, BMI, 체지방률), 기초체력(악력, 폐활량), 무산소성 파워(최대파워, 평균파워), 운동부하검사(최대심박수, 런닝지속시간, 최대산소섭취량, 젖산), 등속성 근력(요부 근력), 및 1RM(벤치프레스, 데드리프트, 스쿼트, 숄더프레스, 레그컬, 바이셉스컬, 케이블트라이셉스 익스텐션)을 측정하였다. 훈련 적용에 따른 변화를 관찰하기 위해 Kruskal—Wallis H 검증을 적용하였으며, 사후검증은 Mann- Whitney U를 실시하였다. [결과] 연구 결과 운동부하검사에서 운동지속시간 및 최대산소섭취량이 사전과 비교하여 사후에 향상되었으며, 등속성 요부 근력에서도 사전과 비교하여 사후가 높게 나타났다. 하지만 다른 변인들에서는 시기 간 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. [결론] 본 연구 결과는 비선형 주기화 근력 훈련이 운동시간, 최대산소섭취량 및 등속성 허리 근력의 향상은 기대할수 있지만 전체적인 변화에 영향을 미치지 못한다는 것을 제시한다.
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the effect of non-linear periodization strength training on basic and professional fitness of national cross-country skiers. METHODS The body composition (height, weight, BMI, body fat %), basic physical strength (grip strength, lung capacity), anaerobic power (peak power, average power), graded exercise test (maximum heart rate, running time, VO2max, lactic acid), isokinetic strength (trunk strength), and 1RM (bench press, dead-lift, squat, shoulder press, leg curl, bicep curl, cable triceps extension) of nine national crosscountry skiers (male: 5, female: 4) were measured. All analyses were performed using SPSS 25.0, Kruskal-Wallis H tests were applied to observe the changes by training methods. Mann-Whitney U tests were used as Post Hoc. RESULTS The results indicated that running time and VO2max post-test improved compared to that for the pre-test for graded exercise test. The lumbar extension strength of the post-test was higher than that for pre-test. There was no significant difference in other variables. CONCLUSIONS It is suggested that nonlinear periodization strength training can be expected to improve running time, VO2max, and trunk strength for cross-country athletes; however, it does not affect the overall changes.
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