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대학운동선수의 진로발달을 위한 집단상담 프로그램 개발 및 적용

The Development and Application of the Group Counseling Program for University Athletes' Career Development

김동현
국민체육진흥공단 한국스포츠과학원 (Korea Institute of Sport Science)|2024.12|체육과학연구 (Korean Journal of Sport Science)|제35권 제4호|pp. 628-643

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진로발달진로집단상담대학운동선수Career developmentUniversity athleteCareer group counseling
주제분류체육

초록

[목적] 본 연구는 대학운동선수의 진로발달을 위한 집단상담 프로그램을 개발하고 적용하는 데 목적이 있다. [방법] 김창대(2002)의 집단상담 프로그램 개발 절차에 따라 사회인지 진로이론을 활용해 진로집단상담 프로그램을 개발 하였다. 2차례 예비연구와 전문가 타당성 평가를 활용해 최종적인 진로집단상담 프로그램을 개발하였다. 이후 충청남도 A 대학교 태권도 선수와 서울특별시 B대학교 태권도 선수를 각각 실험집단과 통제집단으로 배정한 후 비동등 통제집단 설계 를 실시하였다. 실험집단을 대상으로 도입, 개인 및 배경 맥락 이해, 효능감 및 결과기대 향상, 진로흥미발달, 진로선택, 정 리를 포함한 6단계의 진로집단상담 프로그램을 회기별 45분, 주 2회(1일×2회), 총 10회 제공하였다. [결과] 첫째, 이원 반복측정 분산분석 결과, 진로결정자기효능감의 자기평가, 직업정보, 목표선택, 미래계획 및 문제해결 그 리고 진로태도성숙의 결정성, 확신성 및 독립성에서 통계적으로 유의미한 변화가 나타났다. 둘째, 회기별 성과 평가를 분석 한 결과, 은퇴 후 미래 구상, 자기이해, 적성에 알맞은 직업 확인, ‘할 수 있다’라는 자기효능감 향상 , 진로전환 시 긍정적 마음가짐, 선호했던 직업에 대한 확신, 진로장벽 해결방안 탐색, 관심 직업 심층 이해, 구체적인 진로 목표 설정, 진로에 대 한 심층 이해 등의 성과가 나타났다. [결론] 이상의 결과를 종합하면, 진로집단상담 프로그램은 대학운동선수의 진로발달에 긍정적인 효과가 있다고 할 수 있다. 본 연구가 운동선수의 진로발달과 스포츠 은퇴에 대한 논의를 확산시키는 촉매제가 되기를 기대한다.

Abstract

PURPOSE This study developed and applied a group counseling program for university athletes’ career development. METHODS Following Kim’s (2002) procedure for developing group counseling, this program was based on social cognitive career theory and finalized by using two preliminary studies and expert validation evaluation. Afterward, Taekwondo players from University A in Chungcheongnam- do and University B in Seoul were assigned to experimental and control groups, respectively, and then a nonequivalent control group design was conducted. The experimental group was provided with a six-step career group counseling program, including introduction, understanding personal and distal context, enhancing self-efficacy and outcome expectations, developing career interest, deciding on a career, and closing, for ten 45-minute sessions, twice a week. RESULTS First, results of two-way repeated measures ANOVA showed statistically significant changes in career decision self-efficacy (self-appraisal, occupational information, goal selection, planning, and problem-solving) and career attitude maturity (determination, certainty, and independence). Second, analysis of the outcome assessment by session showed the following positive results: consideration about the future after sports retirement, self-understanding, identification of jobs that fit aptitude, improvement of self-efficacy, having a positive mindset when switching careers, confidence in one’s preferred career, exploration into solutions to career barriers, understanding of preferred career, setting specific career goals, and deeper understanding of careers. CONCLUSIONS In sum, these findings indicate that the career counseling program had a positive effect on university athletes’ career development. We hope this study will serve as a catalyst to expand the discussion on retirement from sports and career development.

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