CHINA’S ROLE IN KOREAN REUNIFICATION: WHAT CAN CHINA DO?
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This article is a new interpretation of Chinese foreign policy in general more specifically Chinese policy towards North Korea and its role in the Korean Unification. After discussing the dramatic changes that took place in China in 1978 during the transition from Maoism to Deng’s reform program based on “Socialism with Chinese Characteristics” which in turn brought about changes in North Korea’s domestic and foreign policy this articles analyses North Korea’s adoption of Chinese model of development in the context of the Sino-Soviet disputes. For a quarter of a century after the Korean War, China adopted a rigid posture on Korean policy in the diplomatic, military, and economic fields. However, in the 1970s and 1980s China stepped up its economic aid and trade relations with North Korea. Moreover, the Chinese leaders visited North Korea and North Korean leader visited China more than 40 times and had summit meetings with many Chinese leaders which the indication of close relation between China and North Korea. When Kim Il Sung’s 44-year rule was over, China expected that his successor would pursue a pragmatic and open-door foreign policy and improve inter-Korean relations. China invited Kim Jong Il to visit Beijing to attempt to convince the younger Kim to accept the Chinese model of reform and open door policy. Kim Jong Il visited China three times and expressed his interest in China’s model of economic development. The successful summit of the North-South Korean leaders on June 13-15, 2000 yielded a number of strategic implications for Chinese policy toward the two Koreas. China welcomed the inter-Korean summit. China may have influenced North Korea to open its doors to the outside world but it did not pave the road to reunification of the two Koreas since it is in China’s interests to maintain the status quo of the two Koreas for the peace and stability of the Korean peninsula.
Abstract
This article is a new interpretation of Chinese foreign policy in general more specifically Chinese policy towards North Korea and its role in the Korean Unification. After discussing the dramatic changes that took place in China in 1978 during the transition from Maoism to Deng’s reform program based on “Socialism with Chinese Characteristics” which in turn brought about changes in North Korea’s domestic and foreign policy this articles analyses North Korea’s adoption of Chinese model of development in the context of the Sino-Soviet disputes. For a quarter of a century after the Korean War, China adopted a rigid posture on Korean policy in the diplomatic, military, and economic fields. However, in the 1970s and 1980s China stepped up its economic aid and trade relations with North Korea. Moreover, the Chinese leaders visited North Korea and North Korean leader visited China more than 40 times and had summit meetings with many Chinese leaders which the indication of close relation between China and North Korea. When Kim Il Sung’s 44-year rule was over, China expected that his successor would pursue a pragmatic and open-door foreign policy and improve inter-Korean relations. China invited Kim Jong Il to visit Beijing to attempt to convince the younger Kim to accept the Chinese model of reform and open door policy. Kim Jong Il visited China three times and expressed his interest in China’s model of economic development. The successful summit of the North-South Korean leaders on June 13-15, 2000 yielded a number of strategic implications for Chinese policy toward the two Koreas. China welcomed the inter-Korean summit. China may have influenced North Korea to open its doors to the outside world but it did not pave the road to reunification of the two Koreas since it is in China’s interests to maintain the status quo of the two Koreas for the peace and stability of the Korean peninsula.