도시성장관리를 위한 공간구조의 확산-압축패턴 측정
Measurement of Urban Form in Urban Growth Management: Urban Sprawl versus Compactness
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Abstract
Urban sprawl is commonly defined as the unplanned extension of relatively low-density urban land uses with leapfrog, commercial strip development pattern. It has evoked many environmental and social problems. Recently, compact settlement structure has been suggested to retard the haphazard urban development in urban growth management. Urban growth management is a rational program to control and accommodate the impacts of growth in a city. To examine the compactness of a city, it is needed to quantify urban form. The main objective of this study is to propose measurement methods of urban form - urban sprawl versus compactness. We develop two quantitative methods. The one is a statistical analysis that can be adopted at the macro level approach. The other is a GIS-based spatial analysis at the micro level spatial approach. Statistical analysis includes five indices that are explored at Kyounggi-Do metropolitan area: Gini's concentration ratio, Theil index, Shannon's entropy, Moran's I, mean of deviation distance. GIS based spatial analysis method for measuring micro urban form uses four variables: density, continuity, mixed use, and centrality. The results of analysis on urban form were presented using 3-dimensional modeling. The analytical methods proposed in this paper will be useful for urban planner to devide urban growth management policy.
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