하디스(Hadith)를 통해 본 무슬림 여성
Muslim Women Through Hadith
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초록
The Prophet Muhammad’s Tradition, i.e. Hadith, which was collected and compiled about one hundred years after his death, served as an important source to explain the text of Koran by the commentators of the next generation. While the Koran gives the Muslims primary rules of their life, it does not give answers to many questions where specific guidance is needed in real life. In these cases, Muslim of the earliest Islamic community had followed the custom or usage of the Prophet, namely Sunnah. So, Hadith means the practice, words, approval and confirmation of the Prophet or the words and deeds of his companions. It in no doubt that the Hadith literature has served as an important source ranking second to Koran in enacting Islamic law called Shari‘ah. Hadiths pertaining to women’s issues became a major source of Shari‘ah and played a crucial role in establishing Muslim women’s status and images -regardless of their authenticity. The second chapter of this paper will deal with the transmission, record, and evaluation of Hadith Literature as a basis for criticism of Hadiths related to women’s issues. In the third chapter, I will sort out some typical Hadiths that have contents against women and assess them. Finally in the fourth, I will try to analyze how ‘Mothers of Believers’,i.e. the Prophet’s wives are described in the Hadith in regard of their influence on ordinary Muslim women’s customs and practices.
Abstract
The Prophet Muhammad’s Tradition, i.e. Hadith, which was collected and compiled about one hundred years after his death, served as an important source to explain the text of Koran by the commentators of the next generation. While the Koran gives the Muslims primary rules of their life, it does not give answers to many questions where specific guidance is needed in real life. In these cases, Muslim of the earliest Islamic community had followed the custom or usage of the Prophet, namely Sunnah. So, Hadith means the practice, words, approval and confirmation of the Prophet or the words and deeds of his companions. It in no doubt that the Hadith literature has served as an important source ranking second to Koran in enacting Islamic law called Shari‘ah. Hadiths pertaining to women’s issues became a major source of Shari‘ah and played a crucial role in establishing Muslim women’s status and images -regardless of their authenticity. The second chapter of this paper will deal with the transmission, record, and evaluation of Hadith Literature as a basis for criticism of Hadiths related to women’s issues. In the third chapter, I will sort out some typical Hadiths that have contents against women and assess them. Finally in the fourth, I will try to analyze how ‘Mothers of Believers’,i.e. the Prophet’s wives are described in the Hadith in regard of their influence on ordinary Muslim women’s customs and practices.
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