영국과 독일의 무슬림 인구의 현황과 이주민 정책
The Present Condition of Muslims and Immigration Policy of United Kingdom and Germany
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The fact that Islam is the second largest religion in Europe is the result of relatively recent immigration processes. From the Mid-20th Century, Europe received continually most of its immigrants including Muslims from Middle Eastern and North African states. Migrants of Muslim origin arrived in large numbers as a complement to the labour shortage in Europe. At present more than 23 million Muslim immigrants and their descendants live in Europe. Europe's Muslim population is very diverse. Germany, with up to 3.5 million, is home to the second-largest group of Muslims in Europe including especially Turkish Muslims. The number of migrants from Muslim countries rose from 2 million in 1990, to 3,5 million in 2002 in Germany. United Kingdom has the third-largest group of Muslims in Europe with 1.6 million who came mostly from Southeast Asia, especially Pakistan and Bangladesh and India which were the British colonies. Nowadays migration workers increased to find a better job in European countries. The receiving countries would try to solve the problems which migration workers will face to adapt themselves to the new circumstances. European states have taken very different approaches from assimilation policy, integration, and multiculturalism policy. As a result of the events of New York(11/9, 2001), Madrid(14/3, 2004), in London(7/7 and 21/7, 2005), European governments began to consider changing the direction of immigration policy of their countries. In this context of high security awareness, the existing models of immigrant integration and the accommodation of Muslim minority claims are questioned. For example, the British Government is tempted to adopt assimilationist approaches to counteract what they perceive as a failure of their former multicultural policies. It is meaningful to research the situation and character of Muslim immigrants in Europe, the organizations of Muslims, and the policy of Europe for Muslim immigrants.
Abstract
The fact that Islam is the second largest religion in Europe is the result of relatively recent immigration processes. From the Mid-20th Century, Europe received continually most of its immigrants including Muslims from Middle Eastern and North African states. Migrants of Muslim origin arrived in large numbers as a complement to the labour shortage in Europe. At present more than 23 million Muslim immigrants and their descendants live in Europe. Europe's Muslim population is very diverse. Germany, with up to 3.5 million, is home to the second-largest group of Muslims in Europe including especially Turkish Muslims. The number of migrants from Muslim countries rose from 2 million in 1990, to 3,5 million in 2002 in Germany. United Kingdom has the third-largest group of Muslims in Europe with 1.6 million who came mostly from Southeast Asia, especially Pakistan and Bangladesh and India which were the British colonies. Nowadays migration workers increased to find a better job in European countries. The receiving countries would try to solve the problems which migration workers will face to adapt themselves to the new circumstances. European states have taken very different approaches from assimilation policy, integration, and multiculturalism policy. As a result of the events of New York(11/9, 2001), Madrid(14/3, 2004), in London(7/7 and 21/7, 2005), European governments began to consider changing the direction of immigration policy of their countries. In this context of high security awareness, the existing models of immigrant integration and the accommodation of Muslim minority claims are questioned. For example, the British Government is tempted to adopt assimilationist approaches to counteract what they perceive as a failure of their former multicultural policies. It is meaningful to research the situation and character of Muslim immigrants in Europe, the organizations of Muslims, and the policy of Europe for Muslim immigrants.
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