베르톨트 브레히트의 유디트 소재 비판적 변용

Abstract

In this paper, I look at how Bertolt Brecht transformed ‘Judith’ Material critical in his works. In the Bible, Judith is a woman hero who practices religious beliefs. Friedrich Hebbel transforms Judith into a person who avenges man in personal desires. Brecht transforms Judith in his first drama, <Die Bibel>, into a ‘girl’ who can not act to prevent misfortunes in the city because of his blind religious ideology. Brecht 54 브레히트와 현대연극transforms Judith into ‘Sophie Dechant’ who plays an actress in the first edition of <Baal>(1918). Baal forcibly removes Sophie’s purity. Through this transformation, Brecht questions the purity of women, which is emphasized in the Bible and Hebbel’s drama. Brecht criticizes women’s sexual shame as masculine ideology. Through the modification of Judith, Brecht observes the actions and consequences of women who are sacrificed or forced to sacrifice for the nation. He criticizes that the heroic act of Judith is forced and manipulated by various ideologies. Brecht’s interest in the film project <Die Judith von Saint Denis> is not a patriotic act of women, but a war ideology that forces women to sacrifice. Brecht transforms Judith into a Japanese geisha in the Drama <Die Judith von Shimoda>. Here he reveals the falsity of women’s sacrificial myths, which can be seen in any age and culture. He emphasizes in this work that the important thing is not the heroic act of women but the later life. Through various varieties of Judith, Brecht makes it possible for theater audiences to critically opinions about Judith in personal and social Relations.